Vasculitis Syndrome Vasculitis is a disease of blood vessels with inflammation and damage. Vasculitis may be a disease of the blood vessels itself or it may be secondarily affected due to a systemic disease. destruction of blood vessel walls, with subsequent aneurysm formation, bleeding, thrombosis, or ischemia in the various...
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Sarcoidosis It is a chronic, multisystem disorder of unknown cause. chronic multisystem disease of unknown etiology, characterized by noncaseating (hard) granulomas and lymphocytic alveol, Sarcoidosis is a noninfectious, multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause, commonly affecting young and middle-aged adults. Almost any other organ may be involved, including liver, spleen,...
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Amyloidosis Amyloidosis is deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils in extracellular spaces of organ and tissues due to abnormal protein folding. metabolic disorders resulting from the insidious deposition of protein-containing fibrils (amyloid) in tissues, diseases characterized by extracellular deposition of insoluble protein fibrils in organs and tissues clinical manifestations of amyloidosis...
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ACUTE PANCREATITIS Symptoms Diagnosis and Treatment ACUTE PANCREATITIS acute inflammatory process of the pancreas. It is usually associated with severe acute upper abdominal pain and elevated blood levels of pancreatic enzymes The pancreas secretes 1500 to 3000 ml of pancreatic fluid with about 20 enzymes. The disease may be relatively...
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Toxic Hepatitis and Drug Induced Hepatitis Diagnosis and Treatment Toxic Hepatitis and Drug Induced Hepatitis Injury to liver may occur due to drugs and toxins inhaled, eaten, chewed, or swallowed. The metabolism of drugs by the liver and the mechanisms by which drugs might injure the liver are discussed separately...
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Alcoholic Liver Disease Diagnosis CAGE criteria and Treatment Alcoholic Liver Disease Alcoholic liver disease is involvement of the liver due to chronic and excessive alcohol intake. There is a spectrum of clinical and laboratory findings in patients with alcoholic liver disease, ranging from asymptomatic fatty liver to alcoholic hepatitis to...
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Biliary Cirrhosis (Primary and Secondary) Symptoms Diagnosis and Treatment BILIARY CIRRHOSIS Biliary cirrhosis occurs due to injury or prolonged obstruction of intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary system. There is destruction of liver cells and progressive fibrosis with biliary obstruction. In primary biliary cirrhosis there is intrahepatic bile ductules obstruction. progressive jaundice,...
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Portal Hypertension Clinical Features Symptoms Diagnosis and Treatment Portal Hypertension Normal pressure in portal vein is 5-10 mmHg. Vascular resistance in hepatic sinusoids is low. Increased pressure in the portal vein caused by an obstruction of the flow of blood through the liver. Portal hypertension is found in diseases such...
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VARICEAL BLEEDING Clinical features Diagnosis and Treatment VARICEAL BLEEDING It results from portal systemic venous collaterals when portal hypertension is more than 12 mmHg. Clinical features,: There is painless hematemesis, tachycardia and even shock. VARICEAL BLEEDING Differential diagnosis : Peptic ulcer and gastritis. Endoscopy is done for proper diagnosis. Variceal...
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Hepatitis Types Causes Symptoms Diagnosis and Treatment Acute Viral Hepatitis Classification Types It is an acute systemic infection affecting the liver. Caused by: 1. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) 2. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) 3. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) 4. HBV associated delta hepatitis (HDV) 5. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) 6....
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