Article Contents ::
Details About Generic Salt :: Alprazolam
Main Medicine Class:: Nervous System Sub Medicine Class :: Anxiolytics
| 1B. ANXIOLYTICS in 1. NERVOUS SYSTEM |
| ALPRAZOLAM |
| BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE | ANXIOLYTIC, SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC |
| also comes under 1A. Sedatives & Hypnotics in 1. Nervous System |
| PK: A: Rapid D: 0.9-1.2 L/kg (Vd) M: Hepatic E: Urine |
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Indications & Dose: ANXIETY Acute Short-term therapy PO Adult 0.5-4mg/day in divided doses, max 4mg/day Elderly Initially 0.125-0.25mg BID, increase by 0.125mg/day | ANXIETY WITH DEPRESSION Acute Short-term therapy PO Adult 2.5-3mg/day in divided doses | PANIC DISORDER Acute Short-term therapy PO Adult Initially 0.5mg TID, dose may be increase q3-4 days in increments =1 mg/day, effective dosage is 5-6mg/day | PREOPERATIVE SEDATION Acute PO Adult 0.5mg HS & 0.5mg 1h before procedure |
| Contra: Hypersensitivity, glaucoma, concomitant use with ketoconazole/itraconazole
Precautions: Respiratory disease, hepatic/renal impairment, elderly, muscle weakness, myasthenia gravis, history of drug/alcohol abuse, marked personality disorder, avoid prolonged use & abrupt withdrawal, acute porphyria ADR: Serious: Respiratory depression, hypotension, jaundice, blurred vision, Others: agitation, incontinence, insomnia, irritability, libido, phlebitis, urinary retention, Confusion, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, vertigo, constipation DDI: Serious Dexamphetamine behavioural effects is reduced, Ketoconazole decreases drug clearance and prolonged its half-life, Theophylline/Carbamazepine decreases drug level, Ritonavir increased sedative effects, Hormonal Contraceptives increases drug effects, Macrolides/Fluvoxamine increases drug level, Alcohol level increases and leads to enhance the CNS depressant effects, CCBs prolongs sedative & amnesic effects, Fluoxetine reduces the drug clearance |