Details About Generic Salt ::  Cefazoli

Main Medicine Class::    

(seff-UH-zoe-lin SO-dee-uhm)

Ancef, Kefzol, Zolicef

Class: Antibiotic/cephalosporin

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in bacterial cell wall.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Treatment of infections of respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, skin and skin structures, biliary tract, bone and joint; perioperative prophylaxis; treatment of septicemia and endocarditis due to susceptible strains of specific microorganisms.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

ADULTS: IV/IM 250 mg – 1.5 g q 6–12 hr (severe infections: up to 12 g/day). CHILDREN > 1 MO: IV/IM 25–50 mg/kg/day in 3–4 equal divided doses q 6–8 hr (severe infections: up to 100 mg/kg/day). PERIOPERATIVE PROPHYLAXIS: ADULTS: IV/IM 1 g ½–1 hr prior to surgery; 0.5–1 g at appropriate intervals (³ 2 hr) during surgery; 0.5–1 g q 6–8 hr for 24 hr (up to 5 days) after surgery. Children > 1 mo: IV/IM 25–50 mg/kg/day divided into 3–4 equal doses; (maximum 100 mg/kg/day).

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Safety and efficacy in children < 1 mo not established. Pseudomembranous colitis: Should be considered in patients in whom diarrhea develops. Renal impairment: Use drug with caution. Dosage adjustment based on renal function may be needed. Superinfection: Drug may cause bacterial or fungal overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

GI: Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; anorexia; abdominal pain or cramps; colitis, including pseudomembranous colitis. GU: Renal dysfunction; anal pruritus. HEPA: Hepatic dysfunction; abnormal liver function test results. HEMA: Eosinophilia; neutropenia; lymphocytosis; leukocytosis; thrombocytopenia; thrombocythemia; decreased platelet function; anemia; aplastic anemia; hemorrhage. OTHER: Hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis; candidal overgrowth; serum sickness–like reactions (eg, skin rash, polyarthritis, arthralgia, fever); phlebitis, thrombophlebitis and pain at injection site.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in bacterial cell wall.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Aminoglycosides: May increase risk of nephrotoxicity. Probenecid: Inhibition of renal excretion of cefazolin. INCOMPATIBILITIES: Aminoglycosides: Do not add aminoglycosides to cefazolin solutions because inactivation of both drugs may result; administer at separate sites if concurrent therapy is indicated.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies. Note allergy to cephalosporins and penicillins.
• Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before beginning therapy and periodically during treatment.
• Monitor for signs of infection, especially fever, and for positive response to antibiotic therapy.
• Assess for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (shortness of breath, wheezing, laryngeal spasm). Have resuscitation equipment available.
• Assess for signs of superinfection, such as vaginitis or stomatitis.
• Assess for diarrhea with blood or pus, which may be symptom of pseudomembranous colitis. Symptoms may occur after antibiotic treatment.
• Monitor IV site for infiltration, infection, and thrombophlebitis.
• Monitor for coagulation abnormalities. Elevated prothrombin time or abnormal platelet count may occur. If bleeding occurs and PT is prolonged, vitamin K may be indicated.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Seizures

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• For IM administration, dilute in ratio of 1 g/3 ml of Sterile Water for Injection, Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, 0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection or Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride. Shake well until dissolved. Inject deep into large muscle mass to minimize pain.
• For IV administration, reconstitute in ratio of 1 g/10 ml of Sterile Water for Injection, D5W or 0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection. Solution can be frozen in original container for up to 12 wk. Thaw premixed frozen solution at room temperature. May store at room temperature for 48 hr after thawing or may refrigerate for 10 days. Do not refreeze. Do not administer if solution is cloudy or precipitate is present.
• Store unopened vials at room temperature.
• May store drug at room temperature for 24 hr after reconstitution.
• May refrigerate reconstituted drug for 96 hr.
• Reconstituted solution should be light yellow to amber. Do not administer if solution is cloudy or precipitate is present.
• When drug is administered for perioperative prophylaxis, administration is usually discontinued 24 hr postoperatively but can be continued for up to 3–5 days following complicated surgical procedures.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Instruct patient to check body temperature daily. If fever persists for more than a few days or if high fever (> 102°F) or shaking chills are noted, physician should be notified immediately.
• Advise patient to maintain normal fluid intake while using this medication.
• Advise patient to report signs of superinfection: black “furry” tongue, white patches in mouth, foul-smelling stools, vaginal itching or discharge.
• Instruct patient in good personal hygiene (especially mouth and perineal care).
• Advise patient to report any increase in ecchymoses, petechiae, nose bleeds.
• Instruct patient to eat/drink 4 oz of yogurt or buttermilk a day as a prophylaxis against intestinal superinfection.
• Advise diabetic patient to use enzyme-based tests (eg, Clinistix, Testape) for monitoring urine glucose because drug may give false results with other tests.
• Instruct patient to report these symptoms to physician: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, hives, sore throat, bruising, bleeding, muscle or joint pain.
• Warn patient that diarrhea that contains blood or pus may be a sign of serious disorders. Tell patient to seek medical care and not to treat at home.
• Instruct patient to seek emergency care if wheezing or difficulty in breathing occurs.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.