Diseases & Diagnosis

Details Descriptions About :: Lung Cancer  Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among men and women. Age Alert Lung cancer is fairly rare in people younger than age 40. The average age at diagnosis is 60. The two main types of lung cancer are small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and...

Details Descriptions About :: Diverticular Disease  In diverticular disease, bulging pouches (diverticula) in the GI wall push the mucosal lining through the surrounding muscle. Although the most common site for diverticula is in the sigmoid colon, they may develop anywhere, from the proximal end of the pharynx to the anus. Common sites...

Details Descriptions About :: Myocardial Infarction  In myocardial infarction (MI), a form of acute coronary syndrome, reduced blood flow through one or more coronary arteries initiates myocardial ischemia and necrosis. (See also “Coronary artery disease,” page 50.) Causes for Myocardial Infarction Causes Thrombosis Coronary artery stenosis or spasm Predisposing risk factors Family...

Details Descriptions About :: Pancreatic Cancer  Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. It occurs primarily in the head of the organ and progresses to death within a year of diagnosis. Rarer tumors are those of the body and tail of the pancreas and islet...

Details Descriptions About :: Testicular Torsion  Testicular torsion is an abnormal twisting of the spermatic cord due to rotation of a testis or the mesorchium; it may occur inside or outside the tunica vaginalis. Intravaginal torsion is most common in adolescents, extravaginal, in neonates. Onset may be spontaneous or follow physical exertion...

Details Descriptions About :: Anaphylaxis  Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening type I (immediate) hypersensitivity reaction marked by sudden onset of rapidly progressive urticaria (vascular swelling in skin, accompanied by itching) and respiratory distress. With prompt recognition and treatment, prognosis is good. A severe reaction may precipitate vascular collapse, leading to systemic...

Details Descriptions About :: Strains  A strain is an injury to a muscle-tendon unit. Sudden forceful contraction of a muscle under stretch overloads its tensile strength, resulting in failure at the muscle-tendon junction. Muscles that cross two joints are most susceptible to strain. These include the hamstrings, rectus femoris of the thigh,...

Details Descriptions About :: Renal Calculi  Renal calculi, or stones (nephrolithiasis), can form anywhere in the urinary tract, although they most commonly develop on the renal pelves or calyces. They may vary in size and may be single or multiple. Age Alert Renal calculi are more common in men than women and...

Details Descriptions About :: Glaucoma  Glaucoma is a group of disorders characterized by an abnormally high intraocular pressure (IOP) that damages the optic nerve and other intraocular structures. Untreated, it leads to a gradual loss of vision and, ultimately, blindness. Glaucoma occurs in several forms: chronic open-angle (primary), acute angle-closure, congenital (inherited...

Details Descriptions About :: Bladder Cancer  Cancer of the bladder is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. Workers in certain industries (rubber workers, weavers and leather finishers, aniline dye workers, hairdressers, petroleum workers, and spray painters) are at high risk for bladder cancer. The period between exposure to the carcinogen...