Article Contents ::
Details About Generic Salt :: Hydrochlorothiazide
Main Medicine Class:: Genito Urinary System Sub Medicine Class :: Diuretics
| 4D. ANTI-HYPERTENSIVES in 4. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM |
| HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE |
| THIAZIDE DIURETIC | DIURETIC, ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE |
| also comes under 10A. Diuretics in 10. Genito-Urinary System, |
| PK: A: ~50% to 80% E: Urine (unchanged drug) |
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Indications & Dose: EDEMA IN HEART FAILURE/NEPHROTIC SYNDROME PO Adult 25-100mg/day in 1-2 doses, max 200mg/day Child <6 month: 1-3mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses, >6month-2yr: 1-3mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses max 37.5mg/day, >2-17 yr: Initially 1mg/kg/day max 3mg/kg/day (50mg/day) | HYPERTENSION Mild-to-moderate PO Adult 12.5-50mg/day Child <6 month: 1-3mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses, >6month-2yr: 1-3mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses max 37.5mg/day, >2-17 yr: Initially 1mg/kg/day max 3mg/kg/day (50mg/day) Elderly 12.5-25mg/day | NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS PO Adult Initially 100mg/day Child Initially 1-2mg/kg/day in single or 2 divided doses |
| Contra: Hypersensitivity, anuria, renal decompensation, severe renal impairment (ClCr <10mL/min), Addison’s disease, pre-existing hypercalcemia
Precautions: DM, gout, severe hepatic impairment, hypercalcemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypokalemia, parathyroid disease, SLE, existing fluid & electrolyte disturbances, elderly, severe HF who are very edematous ADR: Serious: Encephalopathy, thrombophlebitis, arrhythmias, renal failure, blood disorders, pancreatitis, hepatitis, hypochloremic alkalosis, anaphylaxis, chest pain, orthostatic hypotension, decreased electrolytes, muscle cramps, gout, Others: hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, rash, fever, weight loss, ECG changes, nystagmus, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, polyuria & nocturia, erectile dysfunction, anemia, dehydration, dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, headache, insomnia, nervousness, vertigo, asthenia DDI: Serious Enalapril causes hypertensive crises, Carbamazepine causes hyponatremia, Colestyramine/Colestipol reduces the absorption of drug Diet: With food Monitor: Assess weight, fluid input & output, BP, serum electrolytes, BUN, SeCr |