Indications & Dose: HIV INFECT PO Adult 300mg BID Child 4 wk to <18 yr: 4 to <9kg: 12 mg/kg BID, >9 to <30kg: 9mg/kg BID, >30kg: 300mg BID | IV Adult 1mg/kg q4h (5-6 doses/day) Child 4 wk to <18 yr: continuous Inf: 20mg/m2/h, intermittent Inf: 120 mg/m2 q6h, >12 yr: intermittent inf: Same as adult dose | PREVENTION OF MATERNAL-FETAL HIV TRANSMISSION PO Child Full-term infants: 2mg/kg/dose q6h, Infants >30 wk & <35 wk gestation at birth: 2mg/kg q12h first 2 wk, advance to 2 mg/kg/dose q8h, Infants <30 wk gestation at birth: 2mg/kg q12h first 4 wk, advance to 2mg/kg/dose q8hwith nevirapine (and possibly lamivudine) | PO Adult 200mg TID or 300mg BID, may delay therapy until after 10-12 wk gestation (but no later than 28 wks gestation) in women who are on ART, switch to IV during labor | IV Child Full term: 1.5mg/kg q6h, Infants >30 wk & <35 wk gestation at birth: 1.5mg/kg q12h first 2 wk, advance to 1.5 mg/kg/dose q8h, Infants <30 wk gestation at birth: 1.5mg/kg q12h first 4 wk, advance to 1.5 mg/kg q8h | PREVENTION OF MATERNAL-FETAL HIV TRANSMISSION DURING LABOR & DELIVERY IV Adult Loading dose: 2mg/kg, then continuous inf 1mg/kg/h until the umbilical cord is clamped, for scheduled cesarean delivery 3h prior to surgery

Precautions: severe bone marrow depression, renal insufficiency, hepatic disease, myopathy, anemia

ADR: Serious: cardiomyopathy, syncope, vasculitis, seizure, hematological disorder, SJS, TEN, pancreatitis, hepatitis, tremor, photophobia, hearing loss, insulin resistance, allergic reactions, Others: abdominal cramps, dysphagia, cough, dyspnea, arthralgia, myalgia, dyslipidemias, weakness, somnolence, pruritus, rash, headache, malaise, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, constipation, anxiety, chills, confusion, depression, dizziness

DDI: Serious Clarithromycin decreases drug bioavailability, Stavudine efficacy is abolished, Valproic acid increases bioavailability of the drug, Rifampicin increases drug clearance, Fluconazole increases drug levels, Probenecid/Interferon α/Ribavirin increases drug toxicity, Ganciclovir increases hematological toxicity

Diet: With/without food

Monitor: CBC & platelet count, LFTs, MCV, SeCr, viral load & CD4 count, observe for opportunistic infect