Management of COPD Assess and monitor the disease Prevention of risk factors Treatment of COPO Treatment of exacerbations Diagnosis of COPD is considered in any patient with Chronic central cyanosis occurs in advanced stages of COPD and may be aggravated by exertion. Examination reveals wheezing and hyperresonant lung fields. cough,...
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Respiratory Failure Respiratory failure is defined as inadequate gas exchange due to malfunction of one or more components of the respiratory system. Respiratory failure means: Hypoxaemia – P02 <60 mmHg, or y Hypercarbia – PC02 >45 mmHg. So, respiratory failure may be hypoxaemic, hypercarbic or combined. Hypoxemic respiratory failure is...
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Bronchiectasis Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Bronchiectasis is an abnormal and permanent dilatation of bronchi. It may be focal or diffuse. Bronchiectasis is an irreversible dilation of one or more airways accompanied by recurrent transmural bronchial infection/inflammation and chronic mucopurulent sputum production. Generally classified into cystic fibrosis (CF) and noncystic...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully.reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious (toxic) particles or gases. The Global initiative for Chronic...
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Bronchial Asthma Etiology Pathogenesis Clinical features Treatment of Bronchial Asthma Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways characterized by increased bronchial responses to a variety of stimuli. There is widespread narrowing of air passages which is relieved by therapy, or by itself. The typical clinical picture is paroxysms of...
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