Heart Failure Treatment PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome representing the end-stage of a number of different cardiac diseases. Heart failure may result from arrhythmias, heart valve lesions,myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia,  congenital malformation of the heart or great vessels, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, constrictive or conditions that...
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