Details About Generic Salt ::  Streptoz

Main Medicine Class::    

(STREP-toe-ZOE-sin)

Zanosar

Powder for injection

1 g

Class: Alkylating agent

Nitrosoureas

 Indications

Adult/Pediatric

Symptomatic or progressive metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

 Contraindications Standard considerations.

 Route/Dosage

Pancreatic Islet Cell Carcinoma

ADULT: IV 500 mg/m²/day for 5 days q 4 to 6 wk; or 1000 mg/m² once a week for the first 2 wk, increased to a max of 1500 mg/m² if necessary. Do not give more than 1500 mg/m² in a single dose because of dose related nephrotoxicity. Median total dose to maximal response is 4000 mg/m².

PEDIATRIC: IV No pediatric dosing information is available.

Adjustment in Renal Insufficiency

ADULT: IV If Ccr is more than 50 mL/min, administer 100% of usual dose. If Ccr is 10 to 50 mL/min, administer 75% of usual dose. If Ccr is less than 10 mL/min, administer 50% of usual dose.

Interactions

Nephrotoxic agents

Because streptozocin is nephrotoxic, do not use in combination with other nephrotoxic agents.

Lab Test Interferences None well documented.

 Adverse Reactions

CNS: Confusion, lethargy, depression (observed with 5 day continuous infusion). GI: Very high potential for nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, transient elevation of LFTs, hypoalbuminemia. HEMATOLOGIC: Bone marrow suppression, nadir at 7 to 14 days. METABOLIC: Hypoglycemia, usually within 24 hr of the dose. RENAL: Dose-related and cumulative renal tubular damage in 25% to 75% of patients, renal failure, reversible if streptozocin stopped early.

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category C. Lactation: Undetermined. Hematologic: Hematologic toxicity has been rare, most often involving mild decreases in hematocrit. However, fatal hematologic toxicity with substantial reductions in leukocyte and platelet counts has been observed. Extravasation risk: Local irritation or phlebitits may occur. Refer to your institution specific protocol. GI: Nausea and vomiting usually begins 1 to 4 hr after administration and lasts 24 hr; occasionally requiring discontinuation of drug therapy. Hypoglycemia: Mild to moderate abnormalities of glucose tolerance have generally been reversible, but insulin shock with hypoglycemia has occurred. Hydration: Because of renal toxicity, keep the patient well hydrated. Renal toxicity: Renal toxicity occurs in up to 2/3 of all patients treated with streptozocin, as evidenced by azotemia, anuria, hypophosphatemia, glycosuria, and renal tubular acidosis. Such toxicity is dose-related and cumulative and may be severe or fatal. Topical exposure: May pose a carcinogenic hazard following topical exposure if not properly handled.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

 Administration/Storage

• Refrigerate. Protect from light.
• Add 9.5 mL of 5% Dextrose injection or 0.9% Sodium Chloride to the vial producing a clear, pale-gold solution (concentration is 100 mg/mL). Dilute further for IV infusion with 5% Dextrose or 0.9% Sodium Chloride.
• Reconstituted solutions are stable for up to 48 hr at room temperature and for up to 96 hr under refrigeration. Use streptozocin solutions within 24 hr because they are preservative-free. The manufacturer recommends disposal within 12 hr of reconstitution. A color change from pale-gold to dark brown indicates decomposition.
• Diluted 2 mg/mL solutions prepared with 5% Dextrose or 0.9% Sodium Chloride are stable for up to 48 hr at room temperature and for up to 96 hr under refrigeration.
• Rapid IV injection, or IV infusion over 15 min to 6 hr. Bolus administration may cause intense venous pain.

 Assessment/Interventions

• Monitor renal function before and after each course of therapy. Obtain serial urinalysis, BUN, plasma creatinine, serum electrolytes, and Ccr prior to, at least weekly during, and for 4 wk after drug administration. Serial urinalysis is particularly important for the early detection of proteinuria; quantitate with a 24-hr collection when proteinuria is detected. Mild proteinuria is one of the first signs of renal toxicity. Reduce the dose or discontinue treatment in the presence of significant renal toxicity. In patients with preexisting renal disease, judge potential benefit of streptozocin against known risk of serious renal damage. Do not use in combination or concomitantly with other potential nephrotoxins.
• Have 50% Dextrose injection on hand, especially when the first dose is administered, because of the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Assess renal function prior to, weekly during, and for 4 wk after streptozocin therapy. Ample fluid intake and subsequent increase in urine output may aid excretion and reduce renal toxicity.
• Closely monitor for evidence of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic toxicity. Perform CBCs and LFTs at least weekly. Dosage adjustments or discontinuance of the drug may be indicated, depending upon the degree of toxicity.

 Patient/Family Education

• Explain name, action, and potential side effects of drug.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver that medication will be prepared and administered by health care provider in a health care setting.
• Review dosing schedule (daily or weekly dose) with patient, family, or caregiver.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver to immediately report any of the following to the health care provider: decreased urination; fever, chills, or other signs of infection; unusual bleeding or bruising; pain, redness, or swelling at injection site.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver to report any of the following to the health care provider: persistent nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or appetite loss; persistent or worsening general body weakness.
• Caution patient that medication may cause confusion, drowsiness, and depression and to use caution when driving or performing other tasks that require mental alertness or coordination.
• Instruct patient not to take any prescription or OTC medications or dietary supplements unless advised to do so by health care provider.
• Caution women of childbearing potential to avoid becoming pregnant during therapy.
• Instruct women of childbearing potential to notify health care provider if pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver that frequent follow-up visits and laboratory tests will be required to monitor therapy and to keep appointments.

Medicscientist Drug Facts

Drugs Class ::

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications

Adult/Pediatric

Symptomatic or progressive metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

Pancreatic Islet Cell Carcinoma

ADULT: IV 500 mg/m²/day for 5 days q 4 to 6 wk; or 1000 mg/m² once a week for the first 2 wk, increased to a max of 1500 mg/m² if necessary. Do not give more than 1500 mg/m² in a single dose because of dose related nephrotoxicity. Median total dose to maximal response is 4000 mg/m².

PEDIATRIC: IV No pediatric dosing information is available.

Adjustment in Renal Insufficiency

ADULT: IV If Ccr is more than 50 mL/min, administer 100% of usual dose. If Ccr is 10 to 50 mL/min, administer 75% of usual dose. If Ccr is less than 10 mL/min, administer 50% of usual dose.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Standard considerations.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category C. Lactation: Undetermined. Hematologic: Hematologic toxicity has been rare, most often involving mild decreases in hematocrit. However, fatal hematologic toxicity with substantial reductions in leukocyte and platelet counts has been observed. Extravasation risk: Local irritation or phlebitits may occur. Refer to your institution specific protocol. GI: Nausea and vomiting usually begins 1 to 4 hr after administration and lasts 24 hr; occasionally requiring discontinuation of drug therapy. Hypoglycemia: Mild to moderate abnormalities of glucose tolerance have generally been reversible, but insulin shock with hypoglycemia has occurred. Hydration: Because of renal toxicity, keep the patient well hydrated. Renal toxicity: Renal toxicity occurs in up to 2/3 of all patients treated with streptozocin, as evidenced by azotemia, anuria, hypophosphatemia, glycosuria, and renal tubular acidosis. Such toxicity is dose-related and cumulative and may be severe or fatal. Topical exposure: May pose a carcinogenic hazard following topical exposure if not properly handled.

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CNS: Confusion, lethargy, depression (observed with 5 day continuous infusion). GI: Very high potential for nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, transient elevation of LFTs, hypoalbuminemia. HEMATOLOGIC: Bone marrow suppression, nadir at 7 to 14 days. METABOLIC: Hypoglycemia, usually within 24 hr of the dose. RENAL: Dose-related and cumulative renal tubular damage in 25% to 75% of patients, renal failure, reversible if streptozocin stopped early.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

Drug Interactions ::

Interactions

Nephrotoxic agents

Because streptozocin is nephrotoxic, do not use in combination with other nephrotoxic agents.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Monitor renal function before and after each course of therapy. Obtain serial urinalysis, BUN, plasma creatinine, serum electrolytes, and Ccr prior to, at least weekly during, and for 4 wk after drug administration. Serial urinalysis is particularly important for the early detection of proteinuria; quantitate with a 24-hr collection when proteinuria is detected. Mild proteinuria is one of the first signs of renal toxicity. Reduce the dose or discontinue treatment in the presence of significant renal toxicity. In patients with preexisting renal disease, judge potential benefit of streptozocin against known risk of serious renal damage. Do not use in combination or concomitantly with other potential nephrotoxins.
• Have 50% Dextrose injection on hand, especially when the first dose is administered, because of the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Assess renal function prior to, weekly during, and for 4 wk after streptozocin therapy. Ample fluid intake and subsequent increase in urine output may aid excretion and reduce renal toxicity.
• Closely monitor for evidence of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic toxicity. Perform CBCs and LFTs at least weekly. Dosage adjustments or discontinuance of the drug may be indicated, depending upon the degree of toxicity.

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Refrigerate. Protect from light.
• Add 9.5 mL of 5% Dextrose injection or 0.9% Sodium Chloride to the vial producing a clear, pale-gold solution (concentration is 100 mg/mL). Dilute further for IV infusion with 5% Dextrose or 0.9% Sodium Chloride.
• Reconstituted solutions are stable for up to 48 hr at room temperature and for up to 96 hr under refrigeration. Use streptozocin solutions within 24 hr because they are preservative-free. The manufacturer recommends disposal within 12 hr of reconstitution. A color change from pale-gold to dark brown indicates decomposition.
• Diluted 2 mg/mL solutions prepared with 5% Dextrose or 0.9% Sodium Chloride are stable for up to 48 hr at room temperature and for up to 96 hr under refrigeration.
• Rapid IV injection, or IV infusion over 15 min to 6 hr. Bolus administration may cause intense venous pain.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Explain name, action, and potential side effects of drug.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver that medication will be prepared and administered by health care provider in a health care setting.
• Review dosing schedule (daily or weekly dose) with patient, family, or caregiver.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver to immediately report any of the following to the health care provider: decreased urination; fever, chills, or other signs of infection; unusual bleeding or bruising; pain, redness, or swelling at injection site.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver to report any of the following to the health care provider: persistent nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or appetite loss; persistent or worsening general body weakness.
• Caution patient that medication may cause confusion, drowsiness, and depression and to use caution when driving or performing other tasks that require mental alertness or coordination.
• Instruct patient not to take any prescription or OTC medications or dietary supplements unless advised to do so by health care provider.
• Caution women of childbearing potential to avoid becoming pregnant during therapy.
• Instruct women of childbearing potential to notify health care provider if pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Advise patient, family, or caregiver that frequent follow-up visits and laboratory tests will be required to monitor therapy and to keep appointments.

Medicscientist Drug Facts

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.