The Brand Name DECALM Has Generic Salt :: Diazepam 

DECALM  Is From Company Emil Ph. Priced :: Rs. 9.75

DECALM have Diazepam is comes under Sub class Sedatives , Hypnotics of  Main Class Nervous System

Main Medicine Class:: Nervous System  Sub Medicine Class :: Sedatives , Hypnotics 

Indications for Drugs ::

Agitation, Anxiety, Anaesthesia, Seizures, Insomnia, Muscle spasms, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Drug Dose ::

Adult: PO Severe anxiety 2 mg 3 times/day. Max: 30 mg/day. Insomnia 5-15 mg/day at bedtime. Anesth premed 5-20 mg before general anesth. Adjunct in management of seizures 2-60 mg/day in divided doses. Muscle spasms 2-15 mg/day in divided doses, up to 60 mg/day in severe spastic disorders. Alcohol w/drawal syndrome 5-20 mg, repeat 2-4 hr later if needed. IV Anesth premed 100-200 mcg/kg. Sedation in minor surgical and medical procedures 10-20 mg. Adjunct in the management of seizures 10-20 mg, repeat if needed after 30-60 min. IV/IM Muscle spasms 10 mg, repeat 4 hr later if needed. Alcohol w/drawal syndrome 10-20 mg. Severe anxiety Up to 10 mg, repeat if needed after 4 hr. Rectal Severe anxiety As rectal soln: 500 mcg/kg, repeat 12 hr later if needed. As supp: 10-30 mg. Anesth premed As rectal soln: 500 mcg/kg. Adjunct in the management of seizures As rectal gel: 200-500 mcg/kg, repeat 4-12 hr later if needed. Muscle spasms As rectal soln: 500 mcg/kg, repeat 12 hrly if needed. Children: Status epileptius, convulsions, due to poisoning, febrile convulsions 0.2 to 0.3 mg/kg body weight, IV / IM or 1 mg per year of life Tetanus As for adult’s dose Pre-operative medication 0.2 mg/kg body weight

Contraindication ::

Hypersensitivity; myasthenia gravis, preexisting CNS depression or coma, respiratory depression; acute pulmonary insufficiency or sleep apnoea syndrome; severe hepatic impairment; acute narrow angle glaucoma; children <6 mth (oral); pregnancy and lactation. Drug Precautions ::

mpaired renal and hepatic function, respiratory disease, organic cerebral changes, elderly, psychotic patients, epileptics, history of alcohol or drug addiction, impaired gag reflux, obese patients. May cause CNS depression. Discontinue treatment if patient develops psychiatric and paradoxical reactions. Caution when used in patients with depression or anxiety associated with depression, especially if patient has suicidal risk. May increase risk of falls. Safety and efficacy of the inj have not been established in children <1 mth of age. Safety and efficacy of oral use have not been established in children <6 mth of age. Safety and efficacy of rectal gel have not been established in children <2 yr of age. Abrupt withdrawal or large dose reduction may cause rebound or withdrawal symptoms. Drug Side Effects ::

Psychological and physical dependence with withdrawal syndrome, fatigue, drowsiness, sedation, ataxia, vertigo, confusion, depression, GI disturbances, changes in salivation, amnesia, jaundice, paradoxical excitation, elevated liver enzyme values; muscle weakness, visual disturbances, headache, slurring of speech and dysarthria, mental changes, incontinence, constipation, hypotension, tachycardia, changes in libido, pain and thrombophlebitis at inj site (IV). Potentially Fatal: Respiratory and CNS depression, coma.

Pregnancy category ::

4

Drug Mode of Action ::  

Diazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine w/ anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant and amnestic properties. It increases neuronal membrane permeability to Cl ions by binding to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on the postsynaptic GABA neuron w/in the CNS and enhancing the GABA inhibitory effects resulting in hyperpolarisation and stabilisation.

Drug Interactions ::

May significantly enhance CNS depressant effect w/ antivirals (e.g. amprenavir, ritonavir). May enhance CNS depressant effect w/ anaesth, narcotic analgesics, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, antiepileptics, antihistamines, antihypertensives, muscle relaxants (e.g. tizanidine, baclofen), nabilone. May decrease clearance w/ antibacterials that interfere w/ metabolism by hepatic enzymes (e.g. isoniazid and erythromycin), OC, cimetidine, omeprazole. May increase clearance w/ antibacterials which are known inducers of hepatic enzymes (e.g. rifampicin). May increase serum level w/ disulfiram. May reduce clearance of digoxin. May reduce therapeutic effect w/ theophylline. Reversible deterioration of parkinsonism w/ levodopa.