Viral Diseases: Introduction This section discusses viral diseases caused by many type of viruses, those preventable by vaccines, and others causing distinct type of syndromes. Rickettsial illnesses and Kawasaki disease are also included. Disorders caused by hepatotropic viruses , €€papillomaviruses , and HIV (see Gynecology and Infectious Diseases: HIV ,...
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Radiographic x-ray Basic views (PA view) and (AP view) Basic views– There are mainly two basic type of x-ray view , Radiographic examination is the key to the diagnosis of many skeletal abnormalities, Obliteration of normal soft-tissue lines and the presence of a joint effusion are of particular importance, The...
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Bronchial Asthma Etiology Pathogenesis Clinical features Treatment of Bronchial Asthma Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways characterized by increased bronchial responses to a variety of stimuli. There is widespread narrowing of air passages which is relieved by therapy, or by itself. The typical clinical picture is paroxysms of...
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Eisenmenger syndrome (ASD, VSD, PDA With PAH with reversal of shunt – Right-to–Ieft shunt) Eisenmenger described a syndrome in which pulmonary vascular disease developed in patients with a nonrestrictive ventricular septal defect, There is cyanosis, JVP is normal, there is no parasternal heave, palpable pulmonary trunk in left second intercostal...
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Plain x-ray film The Basics of X-ray How X-ray works — Radiographic film before an image is taken is transparent and x-rays made it Darker by reactions, When a x-ray radiograph is taken,the X-rays reach the film and made it darken So , more X-rays reach an area of the...
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CLINICAL PRESENTATION Acute Myocardial Infarction is precipitated by exertion, exercise, emotional stress, medical and surgical disease and interventions. Circadian variation – AMI is more common in early morning hours due to increase in sympathetic tone and increased thrombolytic tendency from 4 to 12 AM. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the...
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CARDIAC IMAGING Very useful. 2D Echo RV infarction: diagnosed by Echo Ventricular aneurysm Pericardial effusion y LV thrombus Wall motion abnormalities are seen Old scars can also cause WMA Decreased LV function is indication for ACE inhibitor VSD MR is diagnosed easily. dobutamine stress echocardiography: noninvasive test for...
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MANAGEMENT of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) MANAGEMENT Management involves Prompt attention and diagnosis. Reperfusion therapy Management of pain. MI is a medical emergency; Typical treatment for the patient includes: diagnosis and treatment should not be delayed. administering oxygen immediately, and giving aspirin and beta blockers, unless there are...
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Tricuspid Stenosis and Tricuspid Regurgitation Symptoms of Tricuspid Stenosis and Tricuspid Regurgitation with Physical findings Treatment Tricuspid stenosis is an uncommon valvular abnormality that most commonly occurs in association with other valvular lesions. Regurgitation caused not by valvular disorder but by dilatation of ventricles, the great vessels,...
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Heart Failure Heart failure is a state wherein the heart is unable to pump blood adequately to meet the needs of all the tissues and organs of the body at normal pressures. Heart Failure Definition — Inability of the heart to circulate blood effectively enough to...
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