Details About Generic Salt ::  Chloroqu

Main Medicine Class:: Anti-infective,antimalarial   

(KLOR-oh-kwin)

Chloroquine Phosphate

Aralen Phosphate

Chloroquine Hydrochloride

Aralen HCl

Class: Anti-infective/antimalarial

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Inhibits parasite growth, possibly by concentrating within parasite acid vesicles, raising pH.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Prophylaxis and treatment of acute attacks of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, P malariae, P ovale and susceptible strains of P falciparum; extraintestinal amebiasis. Unlabeled use(s): Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic and discoid lupus erythematosus, porphyria cutanea tarda, scleroderma, pemphigus, lichen planus, polymyositis and sarcoidosis.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

Doses are listed in base equivalents. (Chloroquine phosphate, 500 mg equals 300 mg base; chloroquine hydrochloride, 50 mg equals 40 mg base.)

Acute Malaria

CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE: ADULTS: Initial dose: PO 600 mg, then 300 mg 6 hr later and 300 mg qd for 2 days. CHILDREN: Initial dose: PO 10 mg/kg, then 5 mg/kg 6 hr later and 5 mg/kg qd for 2 days. CHLOROQUINE HYDROCHLORIDE: ADULTS: INITIAL DOSE: IM 160–200 mg then repeat dose in 6 hr if needed (maximum 800 mg base total dose in first 24 hr). CHILDREN: 5 mg/kg/dose; repeat dose in 6 hr (maximum 10 mg base/kg/24 hr; do not exceed 5 mg/kg as single parenteral dose).

Malaria Suppression

ADULTS: PO 300 mg base. CHILDREN: 5 mg/kg/dose (maximum 300 mg base) weekly. Begin 1–2 wk prior to exposure and continue for 4 wk after leaving endemic area. If suppressive therapy is not begun prior to exposure, double initial loading dose and give in 2 divided doses 6 hr apart.

Extraintestinal Amebiasis

CHLOROQUINE PHOSPHATE: ADULTS: PO 600 mg base/day for 2 days, then 300 mg base/day for 2–3 wk. CHLOROQUINE HYDROCHLORIDE: ADULTS: IM 4–5 ml (160–200 mg base)/day for 10–12 days.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Retinal or visual field changes.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category D. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Especially sensitive to adverse effects; do not exceed recommended dose. G-6-PD deficiency: May induce hemolysis in presence of infection or stressful condition. Muscular weakness: May need to discontinue therapy if muscle weakness occurs. Psoriasis or porphyria: May be exacerbated. Retinopathy: Irreversible retinal damage has occurred. Special risk patients: Monitor patients with hepatic disease or alcoholism or taking other hepatotoxic medications for evidence of worsening liver function such as bleeding.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CV: Hypotension; ECG changes. CNS: Headache; neuropathy; seizures; psychotic episodes. DERM: Pruritus; pigment changes; skin eruptions. EENT: Visual disturbances; retinal damage and deafness with prolonged high-dose use; tinnitus. GI: Anorexia; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; abdominal cramps. HEMA: Agranulocytosis; blood dyscrasias; aplastic anemia. HEPA: Hepatitis. OTHER: Muscle weakness.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Inhibits parasite growth, possibly by concentrating within parasite acid vesicles, raising pH.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Cimetidine: May increase chloroquine serum concentration. Kaolin aluminum or magnesium trisilicate antacids: May decrease GI absorption of chloroquine. Rabies vaccine: Concomitant administration of intradermally administered rabies vaccine and chloroquine may result in diminished antibody response to vaccine. In this situation CDC recommends administering rabies vaccine intramuscularly.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies.
• Review history for blood disorders, eye or vision problems, G-6-PD deficiency, liver disease, alcoholism, porphyria or psoriasis.
• Arrange for a complete eye examination to establish baseline values.
• Perform baseline assessment for signs and symptoms of infection.
• Provide small, frequent meals if GI distress occurs.
• Arrange for and monitor periodic CBCs.
• If sore throat, fever, weakness, fatigue, unusual bleeding or bruising occurs, notify physician.
• Perform periodic neuromuscular examinations, and notify patient if knee and ankle reflexes are weak.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Headache, drowsiness, visual disturbances, cardiovascular collapse, seizures, respiratory and cardiac arrest, death

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Administer with food or milk.
• If taken once weekly, take on same day of week.
• Store in airtight, light-resistant container at room temperature.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Remind patient to take medication with food to minimize GI irritation.
• Stress importance of compliance with full course of therapy. If used for suppression, drug must be taken at least 1 wk before entering and for 4 wk after leaving endemic area.
• Caution patient to drink alcoholic beverages sparingly because of increased GI irritation and higher risk of liver damage.
• Stress importance of eye examinations q 3–6 mon during prolonged daily therapy.
• Inform patient that drug may cause rusty or brown discoloration of urine.
• Advise use of dark glasses in bright light to reduce risk of ocular damage.
• Instruct patient to report these symptoms to physician: blurring or change in vision, buzzing or difficulty hearing, muscle weakness, rash, vomiting or stomach pain, difficulty breathing or swallowing.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.