The Brand Name EMNIL Has Generic Salt :: Ondansetron 

EMNIL  Is From Company VILBERRY HC. Priced :: Rs. 30

EMNIL have Ondansetron is comes under Sub class Anti Emetics of  Main Class Gastrointestinal System

Main Medicine Class:: Gastrointestinal System  Sub Medicine Class :: Anti Emetics 

Indications for Drugs ::

Post-op nausea and vomiting, Nausea and vomiting associated w/ cancer chemotherapy

Drug Dose ::

1. Prevention of nausea-vomiting associated with chemotherapy 1 a. Adult Parenteral: 32 mg single dose infused over 15 minutes by diluting with 50 ml saline (5% dextrose or 0.9% NaCl) 30 minutes before starting chemotherapy. Alternative therapy: Three dose of 0.15 mg/kg body weight. The first dose is infused over 15 minutes beginning 30 minutes before the starting chemotherapy. Subsequent doses (0.15 mg/kg) are administered 4 and 8 hours after the first dose of administration. Oral: Highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy: 24 mg (three 8 mg tablet/oral film) administered 30 minutes before start of emetogenic chemotherapy Moderate emetogenic cancer chemotherapy: 8 mg (one 8 mg tablet/oral film) administered 30 minutes before start of emetogenic chemotherapy. A further 8 mg dose should be administered after 8 hours of the first dose. One 8 mg tablet/oral film should be administered twice a day (every 12 hours) for 1-2 days after completion of chemotherapy. 1 b. Pediatric Parenteral (6 months onwards): Three dose of 0.15 mg/kg body weight. The first dose is infused over 15 minutes beginning 30 minutes before starting moderately to highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Subsequent doses (0.15 mg/kg) are administered 4 and 8 hours after the first dose of administration. Oral (4-11 years): 4 mg tablet/oral film should be taken 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy. The other 2 doses should be taken 4 and 8 hours after the first dose. Then 4 mg tablet/oral film should be administered 3 times a day (every 8 hours) for 1-2 days after completion of chemotherapy. 2. Prevention of nausea-vomiting associated with radiotherapy Adults/ Geriatric/ Child of 12 years or over The recommended dose is 8 mg tablet/oral film 3 times a day. For total body irradiation: One 8 mg tablet/oral film should be administered 1 to 2 hours before each fraction of radiotherapy administered each day. For single high-dose fraction radiotherapy to the abdomen: One 8 mg tablet/oral film should be administered 1 to 2 hours before radiotherapy, with subsequent doses every 8 hours after the first dose for 1 to 2 days after completion of radiotherapy. For daily fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen: One 8 mg tablet/oral film should be administered 1 to 2 hours before radiotherapy, with subsequent doses every 8 hours after the first dose for each day. 3. Prevention of post-operative nausea-vomiting 3 a. Adults/ Geriatric/ Child of 12 years or over Parenteral : Undiluted 4 mg intravenously or intramuscularly immediately before induction of anesthesia. The rate of administration should not be less than 30 seconds, preferably over 2 to 5 minutes. Alternatively, the dose can be administered post-operatively if the patient experiences nausea and/or vomiting shortly after surgery Oral: 16 mg (two 8 mg tablets/oral film) 1 hour before induction of anesthesia. 3 b. Pediatric (1 months to12 years) Parenteral : Weighing less than 40 kg: 0.1-mg/kg body weight in a Single dose . Weighing more than 40 kg: 4mg single dose The dose should be immediately before induction of anesthesia. The rate of administration should not be less than 30 seconds, preferably over 2 to 5 minutes. Alternatively, the dose can be administered post-operatively if the patient experiences nausea and/or vomiting shortly after surgery. 4. Nausea-vomiting in gastroenteritis 4 a. Adult: 8 mg three times daily. 4 b. Pediatric (1 month or over): 0.15 mg/kg body weight three times daily. 5. Nausea vomiting in pregnancy 8 mg (1 tablet) 2-3 times daily

Contraindication ::

Use with apomorphine (profound hypotension).

Drug Precautions ::

May cause QT prolongation; caution when used in cardiac diseases, patients who are on medications that can prolong QT or patients with electrolyte abnormalities. Severe hepatic impairment. May mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distension. Pregnancy, lactation.

Drug Side Effects ::

Headache, malaise/fatigue, constipation; drowsiness, fever, dizziness, anxiety, cold sensation; pruritus, rash; diarrhoea; gynaecological disorder, urinary retention; elevated transaminase; local inj site reaction (pain, redness, burning); paresthesia; hypoxia. Rarely: Anaphylaxis, angina, bronchospasm, ECG changes, extrapyramidal symptoms, grand mal seizure, hypokalaemia, tachycardia, vascular occlusive events.

Pregnancy category ::

2

Drug Mode of Action ::  

Ondansetron antagonises selective 5-HT3-receptor, blocking serotonin, both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. This action of ondansetron gives it its antiemetic property to prevent emesis due to acute chemotherapy mediated by serotonin.

Drug Interactions ::

May reduce analgesic effect of tramadol. Rifampicin and other CYP3A4 inducers may reduce levels/effects of ondansetron. Concomitant use of QT-prolonging agents (e.g. antiarrhythmics) may cause additive prolongation of QT interval. May increase the risk of arrhythmias w/ cardiotoxic drugs (e.g. anthracyclines). Potentially Fatal: May increase the hypotensive effect of apomorphine.