MADKARI DRAVYA ( NARCOTICS) drugs which alter the state of mind and hamper the decision making power of a person.for example– ALCOHOL, OPIUM, BHANGA(cannabis sativa).
- it also stimulates vomitting centres, vagus nerve and CONSTRICTS PUPIL.
- Ayurveda drug of EPILEPSY, TETANUS, NUXVOMICA POISONING, SCHIZOPHRENIA etc.
- it can be used in case of sleeplessnes in case of painful conditions.
- it relieves EPILEPSY, TETANUS, NUXVOMICA POISONING, SCHIZOPHRENIA etc.
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| Papaver Somniferum Opium NARCOTICS MADKARI DRAVYA |
each n every form of matter that exists is made up of PANCHMAHABHUT-
- -AKASH(can be compared to the empty spaces)
- VAYU(air that exists in the atmosphere and the one that exists as VATA DOSHA inside the body)
- AGNI, JAL, PRITHVI.
- These narcotic drugs have majority of AGNI AND VAYU mahabhut and have all kinds of RASA(MADHUR(sweet), AMLA(sour), LAVANA( salty), KATU(volatile oil and pungents), TIKTA(bitter), KASHAYA(astringents).
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| Papaver Somniferum Opium NARCOTICS MADKARI DRAVYA |
madkari drugs contain the following GUNA(qualities).
- TIKSHNA- acts as body cleanser
- LAGHU- light
- USHNA- increase heat in the body
- SUKSHMA- fine hence reaches minutest areas in the body.
- AMLA- sour
- VYAVAYI-tat which swiftly spreads in the body and is digested later on.
- ASHU- fast acting
- RUKSHA- produce dryness in the body.
- VIKASHI- spreads in the body and diminishes OJ( the vitality of the body)and loosens the joint areas.
- VISHAD- non slimy.
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| Papaver Somniferum Opium NARCOTICS |
AHIFEN FAMILY –
- PAPAVERACEAE
LATIN NAME –
- PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM
- papaver somniferum opium
SANSKRIT NAME –
- AAFUK
- AHIFEN
HINDI NAME –
- AFEEM
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| Papaver Somniferum Opium |
- according to AYURVEDA NIGHANTUS, on the basis of the color of the flowers it is of four types-
- WHITE, YELLOW, BLACK, SPOTTED.
– according to the place of origin it is of four types —
- TURKISH, EUROPEAN, FRNCH, INDIAN.
PLACE OF ORIGIN —
- in temperate areas with a narrow range of temperature variations–
- EUROPE, ASIA, NORTHERN AFRICA
- IN INDIA it is found in UTTAR PRADESH, BIHAR, BENGAL, MALWA ETC.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION —
- PRIMARY ALKALOIDS–
- MORPHINE,
- CODEINE,
- THEBAINE,
- NARCOTINE,
- PAPAVERINE etc.
SECONDARY ALKALOIDS —
- APOMORPHINE,
- APOCODEINE,
- DEOXYCODEINE,
- PORPHYROXINE,
- APOCODEINE
OTHERS —
- MECONIN,
- MECONIDINE,
- OPIONIN
- LACTIC ACID,
- MECONIC ACID
GUNA —
GUNA –
- laghu,
- ruksh,
- sukshm,
- vyavayi,
- vikashi
RASA –
- tikta,
- kashaya
VIPAKA –
- katu
VIRYA –
- ushna
PRABHAVA –
- madak( sedative)
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| Papaver Somniferum Opium NARCOTICS MADKARI DRAVYA uses |
ACTIONS AND USES —
- when taken moderately it suppresses KAFA N VATA DOSHAS, however in large quantities it increases vata dosha and produces CONVULSIONS.
- -it works as an analgesic and reduces oedema when applied as apaste alone or alongwith other drugs, in eye and ear diseases it can be used as an analgesic.
- it can be used as suppositories and balm in diseases like PILES.
- it works as a sedative, analgesic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant.
- it also stimulates vomitting centres, vagus nerve and CONSTRICTS PUPIL.
- it can be used in case of sleeplessnes in case of painful conditions.
- it relieves EPILEPSY, TETANUS, NUXVOMICA POISONING, SCHIZOPHRENIA etc.
- it suppresses all kinds of secretions from the body ( except urine, breast milk and sweat)as also blood loss.
- also reduces blood sugar levels.
- produces constrictions in the intestinal and stomach musculature developing constipation( hence can be used in case of diarrhoea)
- improves strength of the heart and suppresses heart rate.
- it acts as a respiratory deppressant.
- delays ejaculation period hence can be used in reproductive disorders.
- in case of skin disorders it improves complications due to cold .
- helpful in malarial fever and elephantiasis.
USEFUL PARTS —
- FRUIT EXTRACTS
STANDARD DOSAGE —
- 30–125 mg.
MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS —
- AHIFENASAVA,
- NIDRODYA VATI,
- KARPUR RASA,
- MAHAVATRAJ RASA,
- DUGDH VATI,
- AKARKARABHADI VATI.
AHIFEN SHOULD HOWEVER NOT BE USED IN
- pulmonary oedena,
- dyspnoea, meningitis,
- fever,
- cerebral haemorrhages,
- renal disorders,
- in case of infants and old aged patients, all chronic disorders as its long use causes addiction.
OPIUM POISONING – symptoms-
- lethargy,
- sleepyness,
- hemiplegia,
- convulsions,
- respiratory failure and eventually death.
TREATMENT —
- stomach wash,
- water mixed with mustard,
- asfoetida,
- amla,
- erand(ricinus communis),
- ghee nicotine copper sulphate,
- neem etc.
- use of heart stimulants like coffee decoction.
- patient should not be allowed to sleep until the poison is detoxified.