ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE, NECATOR and STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

Hookworm infections are common in the tropics and subtropics, Species of hookworm that commonly infests humans, causing ancylostomiasis; widely found in temperate regions. Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma braziliense: Species of hookworm that infests dogs and cats and may cause cutaneous larva migrans in humans.

 

ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALEy
Ancylostoma Duodenale HOOKWORM
  • Sanitary practices allow for human fecal contamination of the soil.
  • There is contact of human skin with contaminated soil.
  • The soil is appropriately damp to favor larval survival.

 

AMERICANUS (HOOKWORM)

  • It is found in hot humid regions.
  • The infective stage is larva. The route of infection is through the skin.
  • The larva passes through lungs also.
  • It is also found in jejunal mucosa.
  • Adult worm size is about 1 cm.
  • Incubation period is 50 – 100 days.
  • It can survive for 2-8 years.
  • Chief symptoms are iron deficiency anaemia.

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS —

  • Acute gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Dermal penetration by infecting larvae
  • Chronic nutritional impairments
  • Transpulmonary passage
ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALEiu
Ancylostoma Duodenale HOOKWORM Life cycle

 

Diagnosis of HOOKWORM

  • • By eggs in fresh stool and larva in old stool.

Treatment of HOOKWORM

  • Mebendazole,
  • Pyrantel pamoate,
  • Albendazole

 

STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

   

STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS uy
STRONGYLOIDESSTERCORALIS
  • It is found in hot and humid regions. ihe infective stage is filariform larva.
  • Route of infection is percutaneous i.e. through the skin or autoinfection.
  • The worms reside in the small bowel mucosa. Adult worm size is 2 mm.
  • There is pulmonary passage of larva also. Incubation period is 15 – 30 days.
  • Chief symptoms are gastrointestinal malabsorption or sepsis.
STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS uki
STRONGYLOIDESSTERCORALIS Life cycle

 

Diagnosis of STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

  • · By larva in stool or duodenal aspirate and even sputum.

Treatment of STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS

  • Ivermectin,
  • Albendazole,
  • Thiabendazole.

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