The Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)

 (STD) Sexually Transmitted Compleat information Diseases Causes, Symptoms,

Sexually Transmitted Diseases4
(STD) Sexually Transmitted Compleat information Diseases Causes, Symptoms, The Sexually Transmitted Diseases
  • Are a group of communicable diseases that are transmit­ted predominantly by sexual contact and caused by a wide range of bacterial, viral, protozoal and fungal agents and ectoparasites.

Classification of sexually transmitted disease agents-

A– Bacterial agents

  • · Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • · Chlamydia trachomatis
  • · Treponema pallidum
  • · Haemophilus ducreyi
  • · Mycoplasma hominis
  • · Ureaplasma urealyticum
  • · Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
  • · Shigella spp.
  • · Campylobacter spp.
  • · Group B streptoccous
  • ·Bacterial vaginosis-associated organisms.

B– Viral agents

  • · Human (alpha) herpesvirus 1 or 2 (herpes simplex virus)
  • · Human (beta) herpesvirus 5 (formerly cy­tomegalovirus)
  • · Hepatitis virus B
  • · Human papilloma viruses

C–  Protozoalagetns

  • · Entamoeba histolytica
  • · Giardia lamblia
  • · Trichomonas vaginalis.

D–  Fungalagents

  • • Candidia albicans.

E–  Ectoparasites

  • · Phthirus pubis
  • · Sarcoptes scabiei.

Causative organism

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae — Gonorrhoea, urethritis, cervicitis, epididymitis, salpingitis, PID, neo­natal conjunctivitis
  • Treponema pallidum — Syphilis
  • Haemophilus ducreyi — Chancroid
  • Chlamydia trachomatis — LGV (Lymphogranuloma venereum), urethritis, cervicitis, procititis, epididymitis, infant pneumonia, Reiter’s syndrome, PID (Pelvic In­flammatory Disease), neonatal conjunctivitis
  • Calymmatobacterium granulomatis — Donovanosis (granuloma inguinale)
  • Herpes simplex virus — Genital herpes
  • Hepatitis B virus — Acute and chronic hepatitis Genital and anal warts
  • Human papilloma viruses – genital and anal warts
  • Human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) — AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
  • Molluscum contagiosum — Genital molluscum contagiosum
  • Candida albicans — Vaginitis
  • Trichomonas vaginalis — Vaginitis

Presentations of STD —

  • · Male urethritis
  • · Lower genital syndromes in women; vaginitis!
  • · Genital ulceration
  • · Procititis! colitis
  • · Salpingitis
  • · Epididymitis! orchitis
  • · Infertility! ectopic pregnancy
  • · Postnatal and perinatal morbidity
  • · Hepatitis! hepatic carcinoma
  • · Genital carcinoma
  • · Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

NOTE–

Age: The highest incidence is at the age of 20-24 years i.e. sexually active group. Marital status: The frequency of STO infection is higher among single, divorced and separated persons than among married couples. Socio-economic status: individuals from the low­est socio economic have the highest morbidity. This is short description about STD disease. Precaution is always better then cure.

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