Coronary Arteriography (Angiography)

• Radio-opaque dye is injected into a peripheral artery and coronary arteries are visualized for any obstruc­tive atherosclerotic lesions.
• cardiac catheterization was primarily a diagnostic procedure that was used to evaluate ventricular function, and coronary anatomy hemodynamics,.
• diagnostic catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are done by skin puncture ,under local anesthesia,

MAJOR COMPLICATIONS —

• The risk of producing a major complication (death, myocardial infarction, or major embolization)
• potentially fatal or lifestyle-limiting cardiac disease
• the risk-to-benefit ratio still favors performing this procedure
• The death during diagnostic cardiac catheterization is generally well below 1 percent.

Indications of Coronary Angiogrpahy :

• Severe symptoms despite optimal medical therapy.
• intracardiac tumor, mass or thrombus (6 to 8 percent each),
• native valvular disease, aortic dissection or aneurysm,
• and congenital heart disease (4 percent)
• r cardiac sources of embolism (36 percent),
• endocarditis (14 percent), prosthetic heart valve function (12 percent),
• Patients for PC! (percutaneous coronary inter­vention) or CABG (Coronary artery bypass sur­gery)
• Diagnostic test for troublesome symptoms Patients with CAD who have been resuscitated. Signs of severe ischemia on noninvasive test­ing.
• Aortic Stenosis or HOCM -hypertrophic obstruc­tive cardiomyopathy with angina to rule out cause, or before valve replacement in AS
• High-risk patients after acute MI
• Other causes of Myocardial Ischemia, suspeCted Kawasaki or coronary artery anomaly.