Details About Generic Salt ::  Ketamine

Main Medicine Class:: General anesthetic   

(KEET-uh-MEEN HIGH-droe-KLOR-ide)

Ketalar

Class: General anesthetic

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Produces rapid-acting anesthetic state with profound analgesia, normal pharyngeal-laryngeal reflexes, normal or slightly enhanced skeletal muscle tone, cardiovascular and respiratory stimulation and, occasionally, transient and minimal respiratory depression.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Diagnostic and surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation; induction of anesthesia; supplementation of low-potency agents, such as nitrous oxide.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

ADULTS & CHILDREN: INDUCTION OF ANESTHESIA: Initial: IV 1–4.5 mg/kg via slow infusion (over 60 sec); usual dose for 5–10 min anesthesia: 2 mg/kg. IM Initial: 6.5–13 mg/kg. Maintenance: IV/IM One-half to full induction dose, repeated as needed. Alternatively IV 0.1–0.5 mg/min infusion, augmented with diazepam IV 2–5 mg.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Schizophrenia; acute psychoses; patients in whom significant BP elevation would be serious hazard.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Pregnancy category undetermined. Lactation: Undetermined. Hypertension or cardiac decompensation: In patients with these conditions, monitor function continuously during procedure.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CV: Hypertension; tachycardia; hypotension; bradycardia; arrhythmia. CNS: Increased ICP. Emergence reaction: Vivid imagery; hallucinations; delirium; confusion; excitement; irrational behavior. DERM: Transient erythema; morbilliform rash. EENT: Diplopia; nystagmus; increased intraocular pressure. GI: Anorexia; nausea; vomiting; hypersalivation. RESP: Respiratory stimulation; severe respiratory depression; apnea after rapid injection; laryngospasm; other airway obstruction.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Produces rapid-acting anesthetic state with profound analgesia, normal pharyngeal-laryngeal reflexes, normal or slightly enhanced skeletal muscle tone, cardiovascular and respiratory stimulation and, occasionally, transient and minimal respiratory depression.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Halothane: Decreased cardiac output, BP and pulse. Tubocurarine and other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants: Increased neuromuscular effects, resulting in prolonged respiratory depression. INCOMPATIBILITIES: Ketamine is physically incompatible with diazepam and barbiturates.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies. Note history of psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia or acute psychoses).
• Assess vital signs, especially BP, before administration.
• Place patient in quiet room with minimal stimulation to prevent recovery symptoms.
• Observe patient for signs of delirium and hallucinations during recovery period.
• Check patient’s airway regularly to prevent aspiration caused by hypersalivation.
• If respiratory, neurologic or cardiovascular changes (hypertension, tachycardia, hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmia) occur, notify physician. Be prepared to support patient physically.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Respiratory depression

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Premedicate patient with anticholinergic agent before giving anesthetic to prevent salivation.
• Administer slowly over 60 sec to prevent respiratory depression, unless otherwise indicated.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Advise patient that neurologic effects may persist for 24 hr after anesthesia. Advise patient to use caution during this period while driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.