Details Descriptions About :: Hyperlipidemia

 Hyperlipidemia, also called hyperlipoproteinemia or lipid disorder, occurs when excess cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins are present in the blood. The primary form includes at least five distinct and inherited metabolic disorders. Hyperlipidemia may also occur secondary to other conditions such as diabetes mellitus. It’s an important risk factor in developing atherosclerosis and heart disease.

Causes for Hyperlipidemia

Causes Primary hyperlipoproteinemia Types I and III transmitted as autosomal recessive traits Types II, IV, and V transmitted as autosomal dominant traits Secondary hyperlipoproteinemia Diabetes mellitus Pancreatitis Hypothyroidism Renal disease Dietary fat intake greater than 40% of total calories; saturated fat intake greater than 10% of total calories; cholesterol intake greater than 300 mg/day Habitual excessive alcohol use Obesity

Pathophysiology Hyperlipidemia

Pathophysiology Lipids help in the production of energy, maintenance of body temperature, synthesis and repair of cell membranes, and production of steroid hormones. When lipid levels exceed what the body requires, the excess lipids form occlusive atherosclerotic plaques in blood vessels. These plaques obstruct normal blood flow, contribute to hypertension, slow or decrease the transport of oxygen to the heart and other body organs, and increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

Signs and symptoms Hyperlipidemia

Signs and symptoms Type I Recurrent attacks of severe abdominal pain, usually preceded by fat intake Malaise and anorexia Papular or eruptive xanthomas over pressure points and extensor surfaces Ophthalmoscopic examination revealing lipemia retinalis (reddish white retinal vessels) Abdominal spasm, rigidity, or rebound tenderness Hepatosplenomegaly, with liver or spleen tenderness Fever may be present Type II History of premature and accelerated coronary atherosclerosis Tendinous xanthomas on the Achilles’ tendon and tendons of the hands and feet Tuberous xanthomas, xanthelasma Juvenile corneal arcus Age Alert Symptoms of hyperlipidemia typically develop in people ages 20 to 30. Type III Tuberoeruptive xanthomas over elbows and knees Palmar xanthomas on the hands, particularly the fingertips Type IV Obesity Xanthomas may be noted during exacerbations Type V Abdominal pain associated with pancreatitis Complaints related to peripheral neuropathy Eruptive xanthomas on extensor surface of arms and legs Ophthalmoscopic examination revealing lipemia retinalis Hepatosplenomegaly

Diagnostic Lab Test results

Diagnostic test results Serum lipid profiles show elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, or high-density lipoproteins.

Treatment for Hyperlipidemia

Treatment Weight reduction Smoking cessation Treatment of hypertension Avoidance of hormonal contraceptives containing estrogen Restriction of cholesterol and saturated animal fat intake Avoidance of alcohol Diet high in polyunsaturated fats Exercise and physical fitness program Statins, bile acid resins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, fibrates, or nicotinic acid Surgical creation of an ileal bypass Portacaval shunt

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.