Details About Generic Salt ::  Chlortha

Main Medicine Class:: Thiazide diuretic   

(klor-THAL-ih-dohn)

Hygroton, Thalitone

Class: Thiazide diuretic

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in proximal portion of distal convoluted tubules.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Reduction of edema associated with CHF, hepatic cirrhosis, renal dysfunction, corticosteroid and estrogen therapy; management of hypertension. Unlabeled use(s): Treatment of calcium nephrolithiasis, osteoporosis, diabetes insipidus.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

Edema

ADULTS: PO 50–200 mg daily or on alternate days.

Hypertension

ADULTS: PO 25–100 mg daily. Doses > 25 mg/day potentiate potassium excretion but do not benefit sodium excretion or BP reduction.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to thiazides, related diuretics or sulfonamide-derived drugs; anuria; renal decompensation.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Safety and efficacy not established. Hepatic function impairment: Minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma; use with caution. Hypersensitivity: May occur in patients with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma; cross-sensitivity with sulfonamides also may occur. Renal function impairment: May precipitate azotemia; use with caution. Lipids: May cause increased concentrations of total serum cholesterol, total triglycerides and LDL in some patients. Postsympathectomy patients: Antihypertensive effects may be enhanced.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CNS: Dizziness; lightheadedness; vertigo; headache; paresthesias; weakness; restlessness; insomnia. DERM: Purpura; photosensitivity; rash; urticaria; necrotizing angiitis; vasculitis; cutaneous vasculitis; exfoliative dermatitis; toxic epidermal necrolysis. EENT: Xanthopsia (yellow vision). GI: Anorexia; gastric irritation; nausea; vomiting; abdominal pain or cramping; bloating; diarrhea; constipation; pancreatitis. GU: Impotence; reduced libido. HEMA: Leukopenia; thrombocytopenia; agranulocytosis; aplastic or hypoplastic anemia. HEPA: Jaundice. META: Hyperglycemia; glycosuria; hyperuricemia; fluid and electrolyte imbalances. OTHER: Muscle cramps or spasms.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in proximal portion of distal convoluted tubules.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Allopurinol: Concurrent use may increase incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to allopurinol. Amphotericin B, corticosteroids: May intensify potassium depletion. Anticholinergics: May increase chlorthalidone absorption. Anticoagulants: May diminish anticoagulant effects. Bile acid sequestrants: May reduce chlorthalidone absorption. Give chlorthalidone ³ 2 hr before bile acid sequestrant. Calcium salts: Hypercalcemia may develop. Diazoxide: May cause hyperglycemia. Digitalis glycosides: Diuretic-induced hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia may precipitate digitalis-induced arrhythmias. Lithium: May decrease renal excretion of lithium. Loop diuretics: Synergistic effects may result in profound diuresis and serious electrolyte abnormalities. Methenamines, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: May decrease effectiveness of chlorthalidone. Sulfonylureas, insulin: May decrease hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies.
• Assess serum electrolytes and digitalis level (if appropriate) periodically.
• Closely monitor blood sugar, complete blood count and platelets.
• Review triglyceride and cholesterol levels periodically.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, drowsiness, syncope, potassium depletion, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, coma, GI irritation, GI hypermobility, seizures

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Administer drug early in AM so that diuresis will occur during day rather than night.
• Give with meals or milk to avoid GI upset.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Teach patient signs and symptoms of hypokalemia (weakness, cramps, nausea, and dizziness), especially if patient is taking digitalis.
• Explain diuretic effects of drug so patient is aware of expected and potential outcomes.
• Instruct patient to follow low-sodium diet to enhance action of medication.
• If high-potassium diet is recommended by physician, help patient identify appropriate meal plans or potassium supplements.
• Teach patient to record weight daily at a consistent time and to notify physician if weight fluctuates ± 5 pounds.
• Tell patient to notify physician of salt or water retention occurs (eg, swelling of feet, ankles, calves).
• Caution patient to avoid exposure to sunlight and to use sunscreen or wear protective clothing to avoid photosensitivity reaction.
• Advise patient to avoid sudden position changes to prevent orthostatic hypotension. Have patient get up slowly and dangle feet before getting out of bed.
• Caution patient not to take any otc medications without consulting physician.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.