Details About Generic Salt ::  Ampicill

Main Medicine Class:: Antibiotic, Penicillin   

(am-pih-SILL-in)

Principen

Capsules: 250 mg (as trihydrate)

Capsules: 500 mg (as trihydrate)

Powder for oral suspension: 125 mg/5 mL (as trihydrate) when reconstituted

Powder for oral suspension: 250 mg/5 mL (as trihydrate) when reconstituted

Ampicillin Sodium

Powder for injection: 250 mg

Powder for injection: 500 mg

Powder for injection: 1 g

Powder for injection: 2 g

Ampicin, APO-Ampi, Jaa-Amp, Novo Ampicillin, Nu-Ampi, Penbritin, Pro-Ampi, Taro-Ampicillin

Class: Antibiotic, Penicillin

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Inhibits bacterial cell wall mucopeptide synthesis.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Treatment of respiratory, GI, and GU tract and soft tissue infections, bacterial meningitis and enterococcal endocarditis, septicemia and gonococcal infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.

Prophylaxis in Cesarean section in certain high risk patients.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

Enterococcal Endocarditis

Adults IV 12 g/day either continuously or in equally divided doses q 4 hr plus mg/kg IM or IV gentamicin q 8 hr for 4 to 6 wk.

Respiratory Tract and Soft Tissue Infections

Adults and children at least 40 kg IV/IM 250 to 500 mg q 6 hr. Children less than 40 kg IV/IM 25 to 50 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 6 to 8 hr. Adults and children more than 20 kg PO 250 mg q 6 hr. Children 20 kg or less PO 50 mg/kg/day in equally divided dose q 6 to 8 hr.

Bacterial Meningitis

Adults and children Initial treatment is usually IV followed by IM 150 to 200 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 3 to 4 hr.

Septicemia

Adults and children IV 150 to 200 mg/kg/day for at least 3 days followed by IM q 3 to 4 hr.

GI and GU infections (other than N. gonorrhea)

Adults and children more than 20 kg PO 500 mg q 6 hr; use larger doses for severe or chronic infections, if needed. Children 20 kg or less PO 100 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 6 hr.

GI and GU infections (N. gonorrhea)

Adults PO 3.5 g administered simultaneously with 1 g probenecid. Adults and children at least 40 kg IV/IM 500 mg q 6 hr. Children less than 40 kg IV/IM 50 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 6 to 8 hr.

Urethritis caused by N. gonorrhea

Adult males IV/IM Two 500 mg doses at an interval of 8 to 12 hr. Dose may be repeated if necessary. In complicated gonorrheal urethritis, intensive therapy is recommended.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins or imipenem. Oral form not used to treat severe pneumonia, empyema, bacteremia, pericarditis, meningitis, and purulent or septic arthritis during acute stage.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Hypersensitivity: Reactions range from mild to life-threatening. Use cautiously in cephalosporin-sensitive patients because of possible cross-allergenicity. Superinfection: May result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible bacterial or fungal organisms. Renal impairment: Use cautiously with altered dosing interval.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CARDIOVASCULAR: Thrombophlebitis at injection site. CNS: Dizziness; fatigue; insomnia; reversible hyperactivity; neurotoxicity (eg, lethargy, neuromuscular irritability, hallucinations, convulsions, seizures). DERMATOLOGIC: Urticaria; maculopapular to exfoliative dermatitis; vesicular eruptions; erythema multiforme; skin rashes. EENT: Itchy eyes; laryngospasm; laryngeal edema. GI: Diarrhea; pseudomembranous colitis. GU: Interstitial nephritis (eg, oliguria, proteinuria, hematuria, hyaline casts, pyuria); nephropathy; increased BUN and creatinine; vaginitis. HEMATOLOGIC: Decreased Hgb, Hct, RBC, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets; increased lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and platelets. METABOLIC: Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, ALT, AST, and LDH; reduced serum albumin and total proteins. OTHER: Pain at injection site; hyperthermia.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Inhibits bacterial cell wall mucopeptide synthesis.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Allopurinol: Increases potential for ampicillin-induced skin rash. Atenolol: Antihypertensive and antianginal effects may be impaired. Contraceptives, oral: May reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives. Tetracyclines: May impair bactericidal effects of ampicillin. Do not mix with aminoglycosides (eg, gentamicin).

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies.
• Review results of culture and sensitivity testing, as available.
• Monitor patient’s condition closely for several hours after administering the first dose even when there is no history of allergy. Notify health care provider of any signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reaction.
• Monitor renal and GI function during therapy, and notify health care provider of severe GI distress.
• Evaluate skin daily for presence of classic ampicillin rash, usually maculopapular, pruritic, and generalized.
• Monitor for bleeding in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Hyperexcitability, convulsive seizures

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Use liquid preparations for patients with swallowing difficulties. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for reconstitution, and handle liquids carefully to prevent contact dermatitis.
• Time doses at equal intervals to achieve optimal blood levels.
• To achieve max benefit, administer 1 hr before or 2 hr after a meal.
• Monitor renal function.
• Shake liquid preparations well before using.
• Administer IM and IV solutions within 1 hr of reconstitution.
• Allow foaming to subside before administering IV preparations. Do not administer if discolored or cloudy. Use volumetric IV pump to regulate delivery over 10- to 15-min period. Do not mix with other IV medications.
• Be sure certain chewable tablets are crushed or chewed before swallowing. Supply water following dose.
• Refrigerate liquid preparations after reconstitution, and discard after 14 days. Discard after 7 days if not refrigerated.
• Store tablets and capsules in dry, tightly closed container.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Instruct patient to time the doses evenly over a 24-hr period.
• Inform patient that medication works best on an empty stomach, but may be taken with food if there is GI upset.
• Tell patient to increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL/day, unless contraindicated.
• Advise patient to refrigerate oral liquid preparations, and to discard unrefrigerated preparations that are more than 7 days old.
• Inform patient to notify health care provider immediately if rash develops or if having difficulty breathing.
• Warn diabetic patient that product may cause false-positive glucose urine test results, and identify alternative tests.
• If therapy is changed because of allergic reaction, explain the significance of penicillin allergy and inform of potential sensitivity to cephalosporins.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.