Details About Generic Salt ::  Amilorid

Main Medicine Class:: Potassium-sparing diuretic   

(uh-MILL-oh-ride HIGH-droe-KLORide)

Midamor

Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Interferes with sodium reabsorption at distal tubule, resulting in increased excretion of water and sodium and decreased excretion of potassium.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Treatment of CHF or hypertension (in combination with thiazide or loop diuretics) and diuretic-induced hypokalemia. Unlabeled use(s): Reduction of lithium-induced polyuria. Aerosol form: Slowed reduction of pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

ADULTS: PO 5 to 10 mg daily. LITHIUM-INDUCED POLYURIA: PO 10 to 20 mg daily. CYSTIC FIBROSIS: Dissolve in 0.3% saline and deliver by nebulizer.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Serum potassium > 5.5 mEq/L; potassium supplementation; impaired renal function: spironolactone or triamterene therapy.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Undetermined. Children: Safety and efficacy not established. Diabetes mellitus: Hyperkalemia may occur. Electrolyte imbalances and BUN increase: Hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and increases in BUN may occur. Hepatic impairment: With severe liver disease, hepatic encephalopathy (eg, tremors, confusion, coma, jaundice) may occur. Renal impairment: Use cautiously in patients with this condition.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CV: Angina pectoris; orthostatic hypotension; arrhythmia. CNS: Headache; dizziness; encephalopathy; paresthesia; tremors; vertigo; nervousness; mental confusion; insomnia; decreased libido; depression. DERM: Skin rash; itching; pruritus. EENT: Visual disturbances; tinnitus; nasal congestion. GI: Nausea; anorexia; diarrhea; vomiting; abdominal pain; gas pain; appetite changes; constipation; GI bleeding; abdominal fullness; thirst; dry mouth; heartburn; flatulence. GU: Impotence; polyuria; dysuria; urinary frequency. HEMA: Aplastic anemia; neutropenia. HEPA: Jaundice. META: Increased serum potassium levels. RESP: Cough; dyspnea. OTHER: Musculoskeletal (weakness; fatigue; muscle cramps; joint/back/chest pain; neck or shoulder ache).

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Interferes with sodium reabsorption at distal tubule, resulting in increased excretion of water and sodium and decreased excretion of potassium.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: May result in severely elevated serum potassium levels. Potassium preparations: May severely increase serum potassium levels, possibly resulting in cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac arrest. Do not administer to patients taking potassium preparations.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies. Note BP and renal disease or history of potassium supplement use.
• Monitor potassium, BUN, and creatinine levels.
• If sudden elevation in serum potassium level (> 5.5 mEq/L) occurs, withhold dose and notify physician.
• Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance during therapy (eg, I&O, daily weight, edema).
• If drug is given in combination with another antihypertensive, monitor BP throughout administration.
• If hypokalemia is suspected, obtain periodic ECG during therapy.
• If ECG changes occur (eg, peaked T waves, abnormal S or P waves), withhold dose and notify physician.
• Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia (eg, fatigue, muscle weakness, cardiac irregularities).
• Monitor for signs of hyponatremia.
• Monitor renal function.

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Administer medication with food, preferably in the morning.
• Store in tightly closed container in cool location.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Explain that dietary considerations are very important while taking this medication. Advise patient to avoid the following: Eating excessive amounts of potassium-rich foods (bananas, citrus fruits, raisins, nuts), using salt substitutes, taking medications high in potassium and eating foods high in sodium (tomatoes, pickled foods, canned foods, luncheon meats).
• Teach patient to monitor BP daily.
• Instruct patient to take medication as directed, even if feeling well.
• Encourage patient to avoid sudden changes in position to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
• Advise patient that drug may cause dizziness and blurred vision, and to use caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.
• Inform patient that this medication causes increased urine output.
• Teach patient signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia and hyponatremia.
• Caution patient to notify any physician or dentist seen about taking this medication and notify physician of cramps or chronic fatigue and weakness, which are serious side effects.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.