Details About Generic Salt ::  Codeine

Main Medicine Class:: Narcotic analgesic,Antitussive   

(KOE-deen)

Available as generic only

Class: Narcotic analgesic/Antitussive

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Stimulates opiate receptors in the CNS; also causes respiratory depression, peripheral vasodilation, inhibition of intestinal peristalsis, stimulation of the chemoreceptors that cause vomiting, increased bladder tone and suppression of cough reflex.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Relief of mild to moderate pain; cough suppression.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

ANALGESIC

ADULTS: IM/slow IV/PO/SC 15–60 mg q 4–6 hr (maximum 360 mg/day). CHILDREN (³ 1 YR): IM/PO/SC 0.5 mg/kg q 4–6 hr.

ANTITUSSIVE

ADULTS PO 10–20 mg q 4–6 hr (maximum 120 mg/day). CHILDREN (6–12 YR): PO 5–10 mg q 4–6 hr (maximum 60 mg/day). CHILDREN (2–6 YR): PO 2.5–5 mg q 4–6 hr (maximum 30 mg/day).

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to opiates; upper airway obstruction; respiratory compromise; acute asthma; diarrhea caused by poisoning or toxins.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category C. Therapeutic doses of codeine have increased duration of labor. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Do not give IV to children < 12 yr. Children are more sensitive to effects of drug. Elderly patients: More sensitive to effects of drug. Special risk patients: Use with caution in patients with myxedema, acute alcoholism, history of drug abuse potential, acute abdominal conditions, ulcerative colitis, decreased respiratory reserve, head injury or increased intracranial pressure, hypoxia, supraventricular tachycardia, depleted blood volume, circulatory shock, hypothyroidism, and urinary/bowel elimination problems. Dependency: Codeine has abuse potential. Renal or hepatic impairment: Duration of action may be prolonged; may need to reduce dose.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CV: Hypotension; orthostatic hypotension; bradycardia; tachycardia; shock. CNS: Lightheadedness; dizziness; sedation; disorientation; incoordination; euphoria; delirium. DERM: Sweating; pruritus; urticaria. EENT: Miosis. GI: Nausea; vomiting; constipation; abdominal pain; anorexia; biliary tract spasm. GU: Urinary retention or hesitancy. RESP: Laryngospasm; depression of cough reflex; respiratory depression. OTHER: Tolerance; psychological and physical dependence with chronic use.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Stimulates opiate receptors in the CNS; also causes respiratory depression, peripheral vasodilation, inhibition of intestinal peristalsis, stimulation of the chemoreceptors that cause vomiting, increased bladder tone and suppression of cough reflex.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

CNS depressants, (eg, tranquilizers, sedatives and alcohol): Causes additive CNS depression.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies. Patients with sulfite sensitivity have increased risk of allergy with certain injectable codeine products.
• Assess degree of pain before and after administration.
• Monitor pulmonary status and heart rhythm after administration.
• Monitor bowel movements and inform physician of significant pattern change.
• If respiratory compromise or increased sedation develop, withhold medication and notify physician.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Miosis, respiratory and CNS depression, circulatory collapse, seizures, cardiopulmonary arrest, death

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• Administer oral medication with food or milk to avoid GI irritation.
• Protect injectable forms from excessive exposure to light.
• Codeine is two thirds as effective given orally as parenterally.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Instruct patient on self-assessment of pain and on how and when to administer medication.
• Advise patient to increase fluid intake to relieve constipation and to take stool softener or mild laxative as needed.
• Advise patient to take medication with food if GI upset occurs and to monitor for GI irritation.
• Explain that codeine may be habit forming.
• Caution patient to avoid sudden position changes to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
• Instruct patient to avoid intake of alcoholic beverages or other CNS depressants.
• Advise patient that drug may cause drowsiness and to use caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.
• Instruct patient not to take otc medications without contacting physician.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.