Grave’s disease Grave’s disease is thyrotoxicosis, common in females, associated with high iodine intake, occurring between 20 – 50 years of age. Grave’s ophthalmopathy Besides the signs of thyrotoxicosis, there is Grave’s ophthalmopathy. decreased extraocular muscle mobility, and corneal injury, periorbital edema, periorbital and conjunctival inflammation, Ophthalmopathy associated with hyperthyroidism...
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ACTH DEFICIENCY ACTH SYNTHESIS — POMC also contains the sequences for other hormonal peptides, including the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs) lipotropins (LPHs), and beta-endorphin (beta-END) ACTH is synthesized as part of a large precursor (241 amino acids in humans) called proopiomelanocortin (POMC). Adrenal insufficiency secondary to ACTH deficiency is due to...
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Cushing’s Syndrome Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Cushing’s disease is a hormone disorder caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood disease in which there is excess ACTH secretion, by pituitary adenomas. Cushing’s syndrome is the signs and symptoms that result from prolonged exposure to excessive glucocorticoid hormones. Cushing’s...
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What is HYPOTHYROIDISM ? Hypothyroidism is a state of deficient function of the thyroid gland i.e. deficient secretion of thyroid hormones. In hypothyroidism normal thyroid hormone levels are maintained by a rise in TSH. This is called subclinical hypothyroidism. Later free T4 level falls and TSH levels rise further. This...
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Disorders of Anterior PituitaryHormones The anterior pituitary is called the master gland be , it regulates the function of most other endocrine organs. The anterior pituitary gla’nd produces 6 major hormones. 1, Prolactin (PRL) 2. Growth hormone (GH) 3. Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) 4. Luteinizing hormone (LH) 5. Follicle stimulating hormone...
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PRESENTATIONS OF HYPOPITUITARISM This depends on the hormones which are deficient. GH deficiency causes growth disorder and abnormal body structure. Gonadotrophin deficiency causes infertility, menstrual and sexual dysfunction and loss of secondary sexual characteristics in men. TSH and ACTH deficiency cause growth retardation, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency. Mineralocorticoid action is retained....
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