Hospital Acquired Infections Causes and Prevention – About 5-10% of patients develop HAl Hospital Acquired Infections or nosocomial infections. Hospital acquired infections are difficult to treat,cause epidemic problems, costly, have high morbidity, are preventable., There is a high incidence of nosocomial infections in patients on ventilators. Hospital Acquired Infections Causes and Prevention ...
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Ascites Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Management — Ascites is presence of free fluid in the abdomen (peritoneal cavity). Symptoms of ascites are Bloating, fullness in abdomen, Increased pressure, Indigestion, Stretching, pulling, Localized pain, Low back pain, Heart burn, Dyspnea, orthopnea, tachypnea, Hernias, etc. Defination of ascites — In medical words Ascites is the accumulation of fluid (most commonly serous fluid,...
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All about jaundice, diagnosis, jaundice sign and symptoms, with bio markers Yellow discoloration of skin is seen in, Yellow pigment seen all over. This occurs by liver disease or hemolytic disorders. Urine also becomes dark-colored (yellow). due to Excess of bilirubin in the blood is the state of hyperbilirubinemia. jaundice Definition Jaundice —...
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Fluid and Electrolytes balance in patients– electrolyte balance Water is –General— · 50% of body weight in women · 60% in men Water is contained in the body in two major compartments : 1. ECF (Extra-cellular fluid) – 25% 2. ICF (Intra-cellular fluid) – 75% ECF is present in the blood...
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Medical Instruments & Procedures Part — 1 CATHETERS — simple catheter Plain or simple catheters It is a plain tube made of rubber or synthetic material. The terminal end of the tube is rounded. There is a hole just before the tip. It comes in different sizes. It can...
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NASOGASTRIC TUBE Ryle’s tube — Ryle’s tube Is a nasogastric tube, 1 meter long, made of synthetic transparent material. It is passed from the nose into the stomach for feeding and for suction of gastric contents. The tip is blunt and rounded with a lead pellet inside it. The...
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INTRACATH / INTRAVENOUS CANNULA It is used for giving IV fluids and drugs— CANNULA It consists of a long metallic: needle and a plastic cannula or sheath over it. The bevelled tip of the needle goes inside the vein and at the other end the blood leaking out can be...
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Liver biopsy needles and procedures — Liver biopsy needles Menghini’s aspiration biopsy needle Vim-Silverman cutting needle. Precautions in Liver biopsy Bleeding time should be within normal limits. Vein should be patent and blood should be arranged Hydatid cyst, subphrenic abscess, bleeding tendencies should be ruled out. Patient should be sedated....
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ABDOMINAL PARACENTESIS / ASCITIC TAP /aspiration of peritoneal fluid– paracentesis Indications for paracentesis-– · Ascites · Cirrhosis · CHF · Abdominal tuberculosis · Abdominal malignancy · Pancreatitis. Method of paracentesis — · The site of puncture is a point midway between the umbilicus and iliac spine or between the...
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Iron Deficiency Anaemia symptoms , iron deficiency Causes and treatment — Anaemia Hypoproliferative anaemias — are anaemias with normocytic and normochromic red cells and low reticulocyte index <2.5. Hypoproliferative anaemias are · Iron deficiency anaemia (there is microcytic hypochromic anaemia) · Acute and chronic inflammation with anaemia · Anaemias in malignancy...
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