The cardiac axis is the resultant direction of the flow of current of depolarization through the heart. The normal axis of heart is the range from –30 degree to +90 degree, In Heart with normal axis Lead I and Lead III will have positive QRS, in Left Axis Deviation Lead...
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Cardiac Arrhythmias Types and Definitions Mechanisms with Methods for Diagnosis Arrhythmias Mechanisms of arrhythmias Problems of impulse formation i.e. automaticity. Problems of impulse conduction i.e. Block I Reentry. Methods for Detecting Arrhythmias Is to monitor the ECG, Transtelephonic monitoring, Holter monitoring, invasive ECG recordings. Transtelephonic monitoring Cardiac monitoring in...
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In Cardiovascular examination the most important part are Palpation and Percussion Palpation of Precordium The location, amplitude and character of cardiac impulse is noted. The normal LV apex is located in left fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line. Normal apex is a systolic outward thrust which is localized...
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Now we are starting the series of – Cardiovascular System The general appearance should be evaluated. <!–b1db3ec7868a4a669c04fa81b506a3b1–> A patient with low cardiac output looks tired and breathless. [intlink id=”225″ type=”post” /] A patient of pulmonary congestion / pulmonary edema is breathless and respiratory rate is increased. Central cyanosis with clubbing...
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Examination of arterial pressure pulse The arterial pulse has an anacrotic shoulder on the ascending limb and then a rounded peak, then a downward deflection called incisura and then the pulse wave gradually comes down. In peripheral pulses the anacrotic shoulder is not seen and incisura is replaced by...
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