Helminthic Infections Cestodes NEMATODES (Round Worms)

Cestodes NEMATODES (Round Worms)

• Nematodes are elongated and symmetrical round worms. They are classified as intestinal or tissue nematodes.

Helminthic Infections Tissue Nematodes TRICHINELLOSIS

• It develops after ingestion of meat containing cysts of Trichinella, like pork or other meat.
• Infections are usually mild and asymptomatic. Heavy infections can cause enteritis, periorbital edema, myositis and sometimes death.

Tissue Nematodes TRICHINELLOSIS

Lab findings of Helminthic Infections

• · There is marked eosinophilia, increased IgE, in­creased creatine phosphokinase level, rise in ti­tre of of parasite antibody.
• ·Larvae may be seen in histopathologic section.

Treatment of Helminthic Infections

• Bed rest
• Antipyretics
• Analgesics
• Glucocorticoids for myositis and myocarditis Mebendazole and Albendazole are effective against enteric stages of the parasite but not against encysted larvae.

Cestodes NEMATODES (Round Worms) Life Cycle

Visceral and Ocular larva migrans Helminthic Infections-

• It is a syndrome caused by nematodes which nor­mally do not infect the humans. They migrate through the host and cause eosinophilic inflammation. Example is Toxocara canis.

Cutaneous larva migrans –

• Creeping eruptions or cutaneous larva migrans is ser­piginous skin eruptions due, to larvae of hookworms which usually attack the dog and cats, called Ancy­lostoma braziliense.
• It is especially common in children.
• There are erythematous lesions which are pruritic. Vesicle and bullae may form later.

Treatment of Helminthic Infections

• Ivermectin – 200 mg/kg or Albendazole 200 mg BD for 3 days.