Article Contents ::
Details About Generic Salt :: Mannitol
Main Medicine Class:: Genito Urinary System Sub Medicine Class :: Diuretics
| 10A. DIURETICS in 10. GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM |
| MANNITOL |
| OSMOTIC DIURETIC | DIURETIC |
| PK: M: Hepatic E: Urine |
|
Indications & Dose: CEREBRAL EDEMA IV Adult Inf: 1g/kg as 20% solution infused rapidly Child Same as adult dose | OLIGURIA IV Adult Inf: Up to 100g as 15-25% solution over 90min to several hours | RAISED INTRACRANIAL/INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IV Adult Inf: 0.25-2g/kg as 20% solution over 30-60min Child Inf: 0.5–1.5g/kg as 20% solution over 30-60min | TEST DOSE FOR OLIGURIA/ INADEQUATE RENAL FUNCTION IV Adult Inf: 200mg/kg as 20% solution over 3-5 min, repeat test dose if urine output is <30–50ml/h. Re-assess the patient if response is inadequate after second test dose Child Same as adult dose | TO PROMOTE DIURESIS IN DRUG TOXICITY IV Adult Inf: 5-25% solution given continuously to maintain high urine output Child 2g/kg of 5-10% solution given continuously to maintain high urine output | TRANSURETHRAL IRRIGATION Adult Use urogenital solution as required for irrigation |
| Contra: Severe renal disease, severe dehydration, active intracranial bleeding except during craniotomy, progressive HF, pulmonary congestion, renal dysfunction after mannitol administration, severe pulmonary edema/congestion, do not administer electrolyte-free solution with blood, metabolic edema with abnormal capillary fragility
Precautions: In patients taking other nephrotoxic drugs, sepsis, pre-existing renal disease, treatment of elevated intracranial pressure ADR: Serious: Chest pain, CHF, circulatory overload, hypotension, HTN, peripheral edema, tachycardia, convulsions, Bullous eruption, hyper-/hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, ARF, pulmonary edema, Others: allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, xerostomia, polyuria, thrombophlebitis, urticaria, fluid & electrolyte imbalance, dehydration & hypovolemia secondary to rapid diuresis, hyperglycemia, dizziness, fever, headache, chills DDI: Serious Ciclosporin causes nephrotoxicity Diet: Monitor: RFT, daily fluid input & output, serum electrolytes & urine osmolality |