Details About Generic Salt ::  Hydrochl

Main Medicine Class:: Thiazide diuretic   

(high-droe-klor-oh-THIGH-uh-zide)

Esidrix, Ezide, Hydro-Par, Hydro-DIURIL, Microzide, Oretic,  Apo-Hydro, Novo-Hydrazide, Urozide

Class: Thiazide diuretic

 

Drugs Class ::

 Action Enhances excretion of sodium, chloride, and water by interfering with transport of sodium ions across renal tubular epithelium.

Indications for Drugs ::

 Indications Adjunctive therapy for edema associated with CHF, hepatic cirrhosis, renal dysfunction, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy; treatment of hypertension. Unlabeled use(s): Prevention of formation and precurrence of calcium nephrolithiasis; therapy for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Drug Dose ::

 Route/Dosage

Edema

ADULTS: PO 25 to 100 mg/day. Rarely patients may require 200 mg/day.

Hypertension

ADULTS: PO 25 to 50 mg/day as single dose or 2 divided doses. INFANTS < 6 MO: PO Up to 3.3 mg/kg/day in 2 doses. INFANTS 6 MO TO 2 YR: PO 12.5 to 37.5 mg daily in 2 doses. CHILDREN 2 TO 12 YR: PO 37.5 to 100 mg daily in 2 doses.

Contraindication ::

 Contraindications Hypersensitivity to thiazides, related diuretics, or sulfonamide-derived drugs; anuria; renal decompensation.

Drug Precautions ::

 Precautions

Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk. Children: Safety and efficacy have not been established in controlled clinical studies. Hepatic impairment: Minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma; use drug with caution. Hypersensitivity: May occur in patients with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma; cross-sensitivity with sulfonamides may also occur. Lupus erythematosus: Exacerbation or activation may occur. Postsympathectomy patients: Drug may enhance antihypertensive effects. Renal impairment: Drug may precipitate azotemia; use drug with caution.

PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Drug Side Effects ::

 Adverse Reactions

CV: Orthostatic hypotension. CNS: Dizziness; lightheadedness; vertigo; headache; paresthesias; weakness; restlessness; insomnia. DERM: Purpura; photosensitivity; rash; urticaria; necrotizing angitis, vasculitis, cutaneous vasculitis; alopecia; exfoliative dermatitis; toxic epidermal necrolysis; erythema multiforme; Stevens-Johnson syndrome. EENT: Blurred vision; xanthopsia (yellow vision). GI: Anorexia; gastric irritation; nausea; vomiting; abdominal pain or cramping; bloating; diarrhea; constipation; pancreatitis; sialadenitis. GU: Impotence; reduced libido; interstitial nephritis. HEMA: Leukopenia; thrombocytopenia; agranulocytosis; aplastic or hypoplastic anemia; hemolytic anemia. HEPA: Jaundice. META: Hyperglycemia; glycosuria; hyperuricemia; electrolyte imbalance. RESP: Respiratory distress; pneumonitis; pulmonary edema. OTHER: Muscle cramp or spasm; fever; anaphylactic reactions.

Drug Mode of Action ::  

 Action Enhances excretion of sodium, chloride, and water by interfering with transport of sodium ions across renal tubular epithelium.

Drug Interactions ::

 Interactions

Bile acid sequestrants: May reduce thiazide absorption; give thiazide ³ 2 hr before resin. Diazoxide: May cause hyperglycemia. Digitalis glycosides: Diuretic-induced hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia may precipitate digitalis-induced arrhythmias. Lithium: May decrease renal excretion of lithium. Loop diuretics: Synergistic effects may result in profound diuresis and serious electrolyte abnormalities. Sulfonylureas, insulin: May decrease hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas. May need to increase dosage of sulfonylureas or insulin.

Drug Assesment ::

 Assessment/Interventions

• Obtain patient history, including drug history and any known allergies. Note hypersensitivity to thiazides, oral antidiabetics, and sulfonamides.
• Weigh patient daily.
• Monitor I & O and check for fluid retention.
• Monitor BP lying and standing.
• Monitor serum potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, blood pH, ABGs, uric acid.
• Monitor renal nonprotein nitrogen, BUN, creatinine, and liver (ALT, activated clotting time) function tests.
• Monitor blood and urine glucose levels of diabetic patients.
• Observe closely for anaphylaxis (eg, shortness of breath, rash, edema) after first dose.
• Report rising nonprotein nitrogen, BUN, creatinine or liver enzyme levels to health care provider.
• Report muscle weakness, cramps, nausea, blurred vision, dizziness, and potassium levels < 3.5 to health care provider.

OVERDOSAGE: SIGNS & SYMPTOMS   Orthostatic or general hypotension, tachycardia, shock, weakness, syncope, confusion, dizziness, electrolyte abnormalities, potassium deficiency, vomiting, nausea, lethargy, cramps of calf muscles, thirst, polyuria, anuria

Drug Storage/Management ::

 Administration/Storage

• If drug is administered as single dose, give in morning.
• Administer drug with food or milk to minimize GI irritation.
• Store tablets in tightly closed container at room temperature.

Drug Notes ::

 Patient/Family Education

• Tell patient to take medication early in day with food or milk.
• Instruct patient to monitor weight daily.
• Advise patient to avoid exposure to sunlight and to use sunblock or wear protective clothing to avoid photosensitivity reaction.
• Instruct diabetic patients to report increased levels of blood glucose to health care provider.
• Caution patient to avoid intake of alcoholic beverages.
• Instruct patient not to take otc medications without health care provider approval.
• Caution patient to rise slowly from lying or sitting position and to lie down if blurred vision or dizziness occurs.
• Tell patient to report these symptoms to health care provider: GI disturbances, decrease in urinary output, jaundice, muscle cramps, weakness, nausea, blurred vision or dizziness.
• Instruct patient to drink 2 to 3 L of fluids daily unless contraindicated by health care provider.
• Advise patient that drug may cause dizziness and blurred vision and to use caution while driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.
• Tell patient that therapeutic effect may require 2 to 3 wk.

Disclaimer ::

The Information available on this site is for only Informational Purpose , before any use of this information please consult your Doctor .Price of the drugs indicated above may not match to real price due to many possible reasons may , including local taxes etc.. These are only approximate indicative prices of the drug.