Trypanosomiasis Chagas‘ disease Causes Diagnosis TREATMENT with Signs and Symptoms African trypanosomiasis — African sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma gambiense, and American trypanosomiasis —A disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by the biting reduviid bug. The protozoan Trypanosoma is the cause of Chagas’ disease and sleeping sickness. American...
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SLEEPING SICKNESS OR HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (HAT) Inflammation of the white and gray matter of the brain. It is almost always associated with inflammation of the meninges (meningoencephalitis) and may involve the spinal cord (encephalomyelitis). Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is also known as sleeping sickness. There are two forms of...
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Malaria and Babesiosis (protozoan )Signs and Symptoms Clinical findings with Diagnosis Treatment Malaria is a protozoan disease. Transmission is by bite of infected Anopheles mosquito Transmission is by bite of infected Anopheles mosquito. There are 4 species of the genus Plasmodium causing malaria. · P. falciparum · P. vivax ·...
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FALCIPARUM MALARIA Pregnant women have an increased susceptibility to malaria infection. Malarial infection of the placenta by sequestration of the infected red blood cells leading to low birth weight and other effects. FALCIPARUM Malaria fever There are four types of malaria caused by the protozoan parasite This...
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Chikungunya Virus Infection An alphavirus, typically found inSoutheast Asia, or Africa that can be transmitted to humans by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. After an incubation period of about a week, headache, nausea, vomiting, the virus produces high fevers, and severe joint pain, usually in the wrists or ankles. Chikungunya Virus Infection Chikungunya...
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Helminthic Infections Cestodes NEMATODES (Round Worms) Cestodes NEMATODES (Round Worms) Nematodes are elongated and symmetrical round worms. They are classified as intestinal or tissue nematodes. Helminthic Infections Tissue Nematodes TRICHINELLOSIS It develops after ingestion of meat containing cysts of Trichinella, like pork or other meat. Infections are usually mild and asymptomatic. Heavy...
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ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE, NECATOR and STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS Hookworm infections are common in the tropics and subtropics, Species of hookworm that commonly infests humans, causing ancylostomiasis; widely found in temperate regions. Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma braziliense: Species of hookworm that infests dogs and cats and may cause cutaneous larva migrans in humans. ...
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TRICHURIS TRICHURA (WHIP WORM) ,ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS (PIN WORM OR THREAD WORM) Diagnosis and Treatment TRICHURIS TRICHURA (WHIP WORM) It is found worldwide. Two of the most common nematode infections worldwide are pinworm, which is caused by Enterobius vermicularis, and whipworm, which is caused by Trichuris trichiura Trichuris Trichura Whip Worm...
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Dengue Classical dengue fever Dengue haemorrhagic fever Diagnosis Signs and symptoms Treatment Dengue fever Dengue haemorrhagic fever Diagnosis Signs and symptoms Treatment Dengue viruses are arboviruses which infect humans and cause disease. Dengue viruses are arboviruses which infect humans and cause disease Dengue infection may be...
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AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Transmission of HIV Clinical features and Course of HIV infection AIDS is an advanced stage of HIV infection with symptoms and opportunistic infections, with the CD4 cell count below 200 cells / IJL. Most AIDS patients are typical progressors and have a median survival time of 10...
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