Examination of arterial pressure pulse The arterial pulse has an anacrotic shoulder on the ascending limb and then a rounded peak, then a downward deflection called incisura and then the pulse wave gradually comes down. In peripheral pulses the anacrotic shoulder is not seen and incisura is replaced by...
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Now we are starting the series of – Cardiovascular System The general appearance should be evaluated. <!–b1db3ec7868a4a669c04fa81b506a3b1–> A patient with low cardiac output looks tired and breathless. [intlink id=”225″ type=”post” /] A patient of pulmonary congestion / pulmonary edema is breathless and respiratory rate is increased. Central cyanosis with clubbing...
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Definition of Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma Infection)- Toxoplasmosis is caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. Description of Toxoplasmosis. The parasite Toxoplasma gondii multiplies in the intestine of the cat and is shed in cat feces, mainly into litter boxes and garden soil. Infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Approx. 25% of...
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SLEEPING SICKNESS OR HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (HAT) Inflammation of the white and gray matter of the brain. It is almost always associated with inflammation of the meninges (meningoencephalitis) and may involve the spinal cord (encephalomyelitis). Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is also known as sleeping sickness. There are two forms of...
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Trypanosomiasis Chagas‘ disease Causes Diagnosis TREATMENT with Signs and Symptoms African trypanosomiasis — African sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma gambiense, and American trypanosomiasis —A disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by the biting reduviid bug. The protozoan Trypanosoma is the cause of Chagas’ disease and sleeping sickness. American...
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Filaria Nematode worm Disease of Lymphatic Systems Transmitted by Mosquitoes Filariasis Massive swelling, esp. of the genitalia and lower extremities, resulting from obstruction of lymphatic vessels, for example by filarial parasites, malignancies, neurofibromatosis, or a familial congenital disease (Milroy’s disease). Prolonged swelling can cause an increase in...
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Amoebiasis Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments and Causes Entamoeba histolytica Approx. 500 million people in tropical countries are infected. Infection or colonization with amebas, esp. Entamoeba histolytica.The infection typically begins in the colon but may spread to other organs, such as the liver or, less often, the skin or lungs Amoebiasis infection...
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FALCIPARUM MALARIA Pregnant women have an increased susceptibility to malaria infection. Malarial infection of the placenta by sequestration of the infected red blood cells leading to low birth weight and other effects. FALCIPARUM Malaria fever There are four types of malaria caused by the protozoan parasite This...
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Malaria and Babesiosis (protozoan )Signs and Symptoms Clinical findings with Diagnosis Treatment Malaria is a protozoan disease. Transmission is by bite of infected Anopheles mosquito Transmission is by bite of infected Anopheles mosquito. There are 4 species of the genus Plasmodium causing malaria. · P. falciparum · P. vivax ·...
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Schistosomiasis Flat Worms Signs and Symptoms Clinical features with Diagnosis Treatment These are flat worms which can cause morbidity and mortality. They are also called adult flukes and invade blood, intestine, lungs and biliary tree. Schistosomiasis Flat Worms Man is the definitive host and snails are intermediate hosts. One...
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